Copyright: © ahead software gmbh


 Nero Help Index

Commands

File menu

Edit menu

View menu

Window menu

Help menu


File menu commands

The File menu offers the following commands:

New	Creates a new document.
Open	Opens an existing document.
Close	Closes an opened document.
Save	Saves an opened document using the same file name.
Save As	Saves an opened document to a specified file name.
Print	Prints a document.
Print Preview	Displays the document on the screen as it would appear printed.
Exit	Exits Nero.


Edit menu commands

The Edit menu offers the following commands:

Undo	Reverse previous editing operation.
Cut	Deletes data from the document and moves it to the clipboard.
Copy	Copies data from the document to the clipboard.
Paste	Pastes data from the clipboard into the document.


View menu commands

The View menu offers the following commands:

Toolbar	Shows or hides the toolbar.
Status Bar	Shows or hides the status bar.


Window menu commands

The Window menu offers the following commands, which enable you to arrange multiple views of multiple documents in the application window:

New Window	Creates a new window that views the same document.
Cascade	Arranges windows in an overlapped fashion.
Tile	Arranges windows in non-overlapped tiles.
Arrange Icons	Arranges icons of closed windows.
Split	Split the active window into panes.
Window 1, 2, ...	Goes to specified window.


Help menu commands

The Help menu offers the following commands, which provide you assistance with this application:

Help Topics	Offers you an index to topics on which you can get help.
About	Displays the version number of this application.


File Open command
Open command (File menu)

Use this command to open an existing document in a new window.  You can open multiple documents at once.  Use the Window menu to switch among the multiple open documents.  See Window 1, 2, ... command.

You can create new documents with the New command.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+O


File Open dialog box

The following options allow you to specify which file to open:

File Name

Type or select the filename you want to open.  This box lists files with the extension you select in the List Files of Type box.

List Files of Type

Select the type of file you want to open.

Drives

Select the drive in which Nero stores the file that you want to open.

Directories

Select the directory in which Nero stores the file that you want to open.

Network...

Choose this button to connect to a network location, assigning it a new drive letter.


File Close command
Close command (File menu)

Use this command to close all windows containing the active document.  Nero suggests that you save changes to your document before you close it.  If you close a document without saving, you lose all changes made since the last time you saved it.  Before closing an untitled document, Nero displays the Save As dialog box and suggests that you name and save the document.

You can also close a document by using the Close icon on the document's window, as shown below:


File Save command
Save command (File menu)

Use this command to save the active document to its current name and directory.  When you save a document for the first time, Nero displays the Save As dialog box so you can name your document.  If you want to change the name and directory of an existing document before you save it, choose the Save As command.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+S


File Save As command
Save As command (File menu)

Use this command to save and name the active document.  Nero displays the Save As dialog box so you can name your document.

To save a document with its existing name and directory, use the Save command.


File Save As dialog box

The following options allow you to specify the name and location of the file you're about to save:

File Name

Type a new filename to save a document with a different name.  A filename can contain up to eight characters and an extension of up to three characters.  Nero adds the extension you specify in the Save File As Type box.

Drives

Select the drive in which you want to store the document.

Directories

Select the directory in which you want to store the document.

Network...

Choose this button to connect to a network location, assigning it a new drive letter.


File 1, 2, 3, 4 command
1, 2, 3, 4 command (File menu)

Use the numbers and filenames listed at the bottom of the File menu to open the last four documents you closed.  Choose the number that corresponds with the document you want to open.


File Exit command
Exit command (File menu)

Use this command to end your Nero session.  You can also use the Close command on the application Control menu.  Nero prompts you to save documents with unsaved changes.

Shortcuts

Mouse:	Double-click the application's Control menu button.

Keys:	ALT+F4


Undo/Can't Undo command (Edit menu)

Use this command to reverse the last editing action, if possible.   The name of the command changes, depending on what the last action was.  The Undo command changes to Can't Undo on the menu if you cannot reverse your last action.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+Z or

ALT-BACKSPACE


Cut command (Edit menu)

Use this command to remove the currently selected data from the document and put it on the clipboard.  This command is unavailable if there is no data currently selected.

Cutting data to the clipboard replaces the contents previously stored there.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+X


Copy command (Edit menu)

Use this command to copy selected data onto the clipboard.  This command is unavailable if there is no data currently selected.

Copying data to the clipboard replaces the contents previously stored there.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+C


Paste command (Edit menu)

Use this command to insert a copy of the clipboard contents at the insertion point.  This command is unavailable if the clipboard is empty.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+V


View Toolbar command
Toolbar command (View menu)

Use this command to display and hide the Toolbar, which includes buttons for some of the most common commands in Nero, such as File Open.  A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Toolbar is displayed.

See Toolbar for help on using the toolbar.


Toolbar

The toolbar is displayed across the top of the application window, below the menu bar.  The toolbar provides quick mouse access to many tools used in Nero,

To hide or display the Toolbar, choose Toolbar from the View menu (ALT, V, T).

<< Add or remove toolbar buttons from the list below according to which ones your application offers. >>

Click	To

Open an existing document.  Nero displays the Open dialog box, in which you can locate and open the desired file.

Save the active document or template with its current name.  If you have not named the document, Nero displays the Save As dialog box.

Print the active document.

Remove selected data from the document and stores it on the clipboard.

Copy the selection to the clipboard.

Insert the contents of the clipboard at the insertion point.


View Status Bar Command
Status Bar command (View menu)

Use this command to display and hide the Status Bar, which describes the action to be executed by the selected menu item or depressed toolbar button, and keyboard latch state. A check mark appears next to the menu item when the Status Bar is displayed.

See Status Bar for help on using the status bar.


Status Bar

The status bar is displayed at the bottom of the Nero window.  To display or hide the status bar, use the Status Bar command in the View menu.


New command (Window menu)

Use this command to open a new window with the same contents as the active window.  You can open multiple document windows to display different parts or views of a document at the same time.  If you change the contents in one window, all other windows containing the same document reflect those changes.  When you open a new window, it becomes the active window and is displayed on top of all other open windows.


Cascade command (Window menu)

Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows in an overlapped fashion.


Tile command (Window menu)

Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows in a non-overlapped fashion.


Tile Horizontal command (Window menu)

Use this command to vertically arrange multiple opened windows in a non-overlapped fashion.


Tile Vertical command (Window menu)

Use this command to arrange multiple opened windows side by side.


Window Arrange Icons Command

Use this command to arrange the icons for minimized windows at the bottom of the main window.  If there is an open document window at the bottom of the main window, then some or all of the icons may not be visible because they will be underneath this document window.


Split Command (Window menu)

Use this command to split the active window into panes.  You may then use the mouse or the keyboard arrows to move the splitter bars.  When you are finished, press the mouse button or enter to leave the splitter bars in their new location.  Pressing escape keeps the splitter bars in their original location.


1, 2, ... command (Window menu)

Nero displays a list of currently open document windows at the bottom of the Window menu.  A check mark appears in front of the document name of the active window.  Choose a document from this list to make its window active.


Index command (Help menu)

Use this command to display the opening screen of Help.  From the opening screen, you can jump to step-by-step instructions for using Nero and various types of reference information.

Once you open Help, you can click the Contents button whenever you want to return to the opening screen.


Using Help command (Help menu)

Use this command for instructions about using Help.


About command (Help menu)

Use this command to display the copyright notice and version number of your copy of Nero.


Help Using Help Command
Context Help command

Use the Context Help command to obtain help on some portion of Nero.  When you choose the Toolbar's Context Help button, the mouse pointer will change to an arrow and question mark.  Then click somewhere in the Nero window, such as another Toolbar button.  The Help topic will be shown for the item you clicked.

Shortcut

Keys:	SHIFT+F1


Title Bar

The title bar is located along the top of a window.  It contains the name of the application and document.

To move the window, drag the title bar.  Note: You can also move dialog boxes by dragging their title bars.

A title bar may contain the following elements:

Application Control-menu button

Document Control-menu button

Maximize button

Minimize button

Name of the application

Name of the document


Scroll bars

Displayed at the right and bottom edges of the document window.  The scroll boxes inside the scroll bars indicate your vertical and horizontal location in the document.  You can use the mouse to scroll to other parts of the document.


Size command (System menu)

Use this command to display a four-headed arrow so you can size the active window with the arrow keys.

After the pointer changes to the four-headed arrow:

1.	Press one of the DIRECTION keys (left, right, up, or down arrow key) to move the pointer to the border you want to move.

2.	Press a DIRECTION key to move the border.

3.	Press ENTER when the window is the size you want.

Note:  This command is unavailable if you maximize the window.

Shortcut

Mouse:	Drag the size bars at the corners or edges of the window.


Move command (Control menu)

Use this command to display a four-headed arrow so you can move the active window or dialog box with the arrow keys.

Note:  This command is unavailable if you maximize the window.

Shortcut

Keys:	CTRL+F7


System Minimize Command
Minimize command (application Control menu)

Use this command to reduce the Nero window to an icon.

Shortcut

Mouse:	Click the minimize icon [image] on the title bar.

Keys:	ALT+F9


Maximize command (System menu)

Use this command to enlarge the active window to fill the available space.

Shortcut

Mouse:	Click the maximize icon [image] on the title bar; or double-click the title bar.

Keys:	CTRL+F10 enlarges a document window.


Next Window command (document Control menu)

Use this command to switch to the next open document window.  Nero determines which window is next according to the order in which you opened the windows.

Shortcut

Keys:	CTRL+F6


Previous Window command (document Control menu)

Use this command to switch to the previous open document window.  Nero determines which window is previous according to the order in which you opened the windows.

Shortcut

Keys:	SHIFT+CTRL+F6


Close command (Control menus)

Use this command to close the active window or dialog box.

Double-clicking a Control-menu box is the same as choosing the Close command.

Note:  If you have multiple windows open for a single document, the Close command on the document Control menu closes only one window at a time.  You can close all windows at once with the Close command on the File menu.

Shortcuts

Keys: 	CTRL+F4 closes a document window

ALT+F4 closes the <<YourType>> window or dialog box


Switch to command (application Control menu)

Use this command to display a list of all open applications.  Use this "Task List" to switch to or close an application on the list.

Shortcut

Keys:	CTRL+ESC

Dialog Box Options

When you choose the Switch To command, you will be presented with a dialog box with the following options:

Task List

Select the application you want to switch to or close.

Switch To

Makes the selected application active.

End Task

Closes the selected application.

Cancel

Closes the Task List box.

Cascade

Arranges open applications so they overlap and you can see each title bar.  This option does not affect applications reduced to icons.

Tile

Arranges open applications into windows that do not overlap.  This option does not affect applications reduced to icons.

Arrange Icons

Arranges the icons of all minimized applications across the bottom of the screen.


No Help Available

No help is available for this area of the window.

Please contact the supplier of Nero for further help.


No Help Available

No help is available for this message box.


File Print command
Print command (File menu)

Use this command to print a compilation.   This command presents a Print dialog box, where you may specify the range of pages to be printed, the number of copies, the destination printer, and other printer setup options.

Shortcuts

Toolbar:

Keys:	CTRL+P


Print dialog box

The following options allow you to specify how the compilation should be printed:

Printer

This is the active printer and printer connection.  Choose the Setup option to change the printer and printer connection.

Setup

Displays a Print Setup dialog box, so  you can select a printer and printer connection.

Print Range

Specify the pages you want to print:

All	Prints the entire compilation.
Selection	Prints the currently selected text.
Pages	Prints the range of pages you specify in the From and To boxes.
Copies

Specify the number of copies you want to print for the above page range.

Collate Copies

Prints copies in page number order, instead of separated multiple copies of each page.

Print Quality

Select the quality of the printing.  Generally, lower quality printing takes less time to produce.


Print Progress Dialog

The Printing dialog box is shown during the time that Nero is sending output to the printer.  The page number indicates the progress of the printing.

To abort printing, choose Cancel.


File Print Preview command
Print Preview command (File menu)

Use this command to display the active compilation as it would appear when printed.  When you choose this command, the main window will be replaced with a print preview window in which one or two pages will be displayed in their printed format.  The print preview toolbar offers you options to view either one or two pages at a time; move back and forth through the compilation; zoom in and out of pages; and initiate a print job.


Print Preview toolbar

The print preview toolbar offers you the following options:

Print

Bring up the print dialog box, to start a print job.

Next Page

Preview the next printed page.

Prev Page

Preview the previous printed page.

One Page / Two Page

Preview one or two printed pages at a time.

Zoom In

Take a closer look at the printed page.

Zoom Out

Take a larger look at the printed page.

Close

Return from print preview to the editing window.


File Print Setup command
Print Setup command (File menu)

Use this command to select a printer and a printer connection.  This command presents a Print Setup dialog box, where you specify the printer and its connection.


Print Setup dialog box

The following options allow you to select the destination printer and its connection.

Printer

Select the printer you want to use.  Choose the Default Printer; or choose the Specific Printer option and select one of the current installed printers shown in the box.  You install printers and configure ports using the Windows Control Panel.

Orientation

Choose Portrait or Landscape.

Paper Size

Select the size of paper that the compilation is to be printed on.

Paper Source

Some printers offer multiple trays for different paper sources.  Specify the tray here.

Options

Displays a dialog box where you can make additional choices about printing, specific to the type of printer you have selected.

Network...

Choose this button to connect to a network location, assigning it a new drive letter.


File Page Setup Command
Page Setup command (File menu)

<< Write application-specific help here. >>


Nero

New in Version 4.0

CD Text

Audio Player

Oversize CD recording

Set track limits

Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly

Special Audio Filter

UDF Format

Recording a CD with Nero

CD-ROM (ISO)

Audio-CD

Mixed-Mode CD

Bootable CD

HFS CD

Hybrid CD

UDF Format

Multisession CD

Creating a Multisession CD

Continuing a Multisession CD

CD Format- Checking

Image file

Creating an Image File

Writing the Image File

CD-Copy

CD-Copy with Nero

CD-Copy step by step

More about Copy on-the-fly

Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive

CD ROM-Read speed settings

Saving tracks with Nero

Saving audio tracks

Saving data tracks

Miscellaneous

Nero Multi Mounter

Nero's Level Indicator

Auto-detection of CD-ROM drives

CD Text information

Burning oversized CDs

FAQs (frequently asked questions)

Nero general questions

Operating system specific questions

Recorders supported by Nero

SCSI-Adapters supported by Nero

More help?

Context-sensitive Help

Support provided by ahead


CD Text

Nero version 4.0 allows you now to write CD Text information onto a CD.

CD Text is an additional information on audio tracks. Title of audio tracks and name of the artists can now be written onto a CD and afterwards be read by CD ROM drives and audio players. By playing an audio track, its title and the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.

Where can I find this option?

To give a title to your audio CD, just open the property sheet Audio CD in the New Compilation dialog window, which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

To give a title to each audio track of your audio compilation, just double-click on

each audio track. The "Audio track info" window opens. In the "Track properties" property page, you will be able to enter the title of the track and the artist.

Refer also to CD Text information


Audio Player

An audio player can now be used before saving audio tracks as Wav. files. This audio player is also able to play audio digitally. That means, audio tracks can be played even from those devices, that are not connected to the sound card.

Where can I find this option?

You will find the audio player by opening the menu command CD recorders>Save Track


Oversize CD recording

We may sometimes find Cds (audio or data Cds) that are longer than the normal 74 minutes ones. It can be then very frustrating not to be able to make any back-up copies of such Cds as the normal 74 minutes CD-Rs (640-680MB) don«t provide enough place to burn the whole data.

But there are basically 2 solutions to this problem :

•	the first one deals with CD-Rs that have a writing-capacity of 80 minutes

•	you can use the Nero Oversize burning option that may be used to burn CDs with a writing-capacity larger than the one the CD would normally permit. You can write, for example, 76 minutes data onto a 74 minutes CD! Unfortunately, this feature is not yet supported by every CD recorder and can be only used in disc-at-once mode

Where can I find this option?

Please select in the menu command File>Preferences the property page Expert Features

Please refer also to Burning oversized CDs


Set track limits

Track limits within the corresponding Wav file can be now set. Editing these values allows to write only a part of the Wav. file as a CD track. This feature is intended to split large Wav files into several audio tracks.

Where can I find this option?

By double-clicking on an audio track, the Audio Track Info window opens. Select the Track properties property page.


New in Version 4.0 - Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly
Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly

Compiling CDA audio files on-the-fly allows you to extract audio files without having to save them first on your hard disc. This feature is quite useful since audio data needs up to 10 MB space per minute, if you want to save them on your hard disk.

Please refer also to Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly


Special Audio Filter

You can now specify some audio effects to be applied to an audio track. For example, you may select fade in/fade out effects, de-click, de-hiss or a stereo expanding filter.

Where can I find these options?

By double-clicking on an audio track in your audio compilation, the Audio track info window opens. Select then the property page Filter.


New in Version 4.0 - UDF Format
UDF Format

The UDF file system was designed at the time, when it became clear, that the ISO9660 file system does not fit the requirements of CDRWs and DVDs. It’s optimized to handle huge data sizes and to minimize the necessary changes if a file needs to be added or deleted.

Nero 4 supports burning of UDF and UDF Bridge CDs, that contain a UDF and an ISO9660 file system. The UDF file system can be written without any special driver by Windows 98 and NT5. Windows 98 and NT5 will read the UDF file system if both UDF and ISO file systems are found on a media. Burning in UDF file format will be especially useful in the future, if DVDs are to be written, because UDF is the best file system to be written onto a DVDs. Please note, that currently Nero does not support UDF or Bridge multisession burning. So you need to burn UDF and Bridge CDs onto empty CDRs.

Where can I find this option?

In the New Compilation dialog window, which opens after you start Nero, you will be able to select the format of your CD. Just select the UDF Format icon.

If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for New Compilation.


CD-ROM (ISO)

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to create and record a CD-ROM (ISO)

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Introduction

Normally Nero writes ISO tracks using the CD sector format „Mode 1“. Starting with version 3.0.1 Nero supports also the „Mode2/XA“ format. The XA format is an extension of the ISO structures and may only be written in the CD sector format „Mode 2“. If you read Mode2/XA-CDs using a PC, DOS/Windows and a modern CD-ROM drive both Mode 1 and Mode2/XA CDs may be used. You won´t see any difference between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA CDs.

Follow the instructions carefully. Good luck!

1.	Click on the CD-ROM (ISO) icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

On the property sheets, the Multisession card is on the top.

2.	By opening the property page File Options you can switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA. The mode settings can be found in the upper right corner of this page. If these settings appear   dimmed/disabled, then these settings can´t be modified right now. This might for example be the case if you have created an ISO CD Mode 1 and want to continue it using Mode 2. A CD which has been recorded with different ISO or sector formats might be unreadable!

3.	Now click on the New button at the right.

The corresponding blank compilation window for CD-ROM opens.

4.	Using drag&drop, compile the files for the CD by clicking on the desired files in the File Browser with the mouse and then dragging them into the compilation window.

If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

5.	Now open the Write dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

Note: If you wish to create a CD-ROM as a single session, you must click on the Finalize CD box. Do not click this box for a session of a multi-session CD, unless it is the last session. The CD is write-protected after this.

6.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

7.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

8.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.


Audio-CD

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to create and record your own Audio-CD.

To write your own Audio CD, you can choose between two methods:

1.	The first one Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly allows you to extract audio files (.cda) on-the-fly from several CDs, without having to save them first on your hard disc. This method requires Track-at-Once recording mode. This means that you will not be able to make use of some features of your CD recorder (e.g: variable pause length, CD Text or index setting) since such features are only available in disc-at-once mode. The reason why you are able to burn such a compilation only in track-at-once mode, is that during the writing process, you may have e.g. to insert several source CDs in your CD recorder if the selected audio tracks come from different CDs.  This means that the CD recorder would have "to wait" before writing the next track: you would get then a buffer underrun and the CD wouldn't be readable.

2.	The second one Compiling .Wav files allows you to extract audio files from several CDs but you will have first to save them as .wav files on your hard disc. This method requires to have enough space on your hard disc since about 10 MB are needed to save one minute of music! Once the files have been saved on your hard disc, you will be able to write your audio compilation in Disc-at-Once mode. Using the Disc-at-Once recording mode, you will be able to make use of features such as variable pause length settings, index setting....

Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly

Compiling .Wav files


Recording a CD with Nero - Audio-CD - Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly
Compiling .CDA audio files on-the-fly

Writing mode: Track-at-Once

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Follow carefully the instructions. Good luck!

1.	Click on the Audio-CD icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

On the property sheets, the Audio-CD card is on the top.

2.	Now click on the New button at the right.

The corresponding blank compilation window for Audio CD opens.

3.	If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

4.	Insert  in your drive the first CD you want to extract audio tracks from.

5.	In the Nero file browser or in the Explorer click on the drive letter corresponding to the drive you insert the original CD in. The contents of your CD will be displayed.

6.	Using drag&drop, compile the files by clicking on the desired files with the mouse and then dragging them into the audio compilation window.

Note: By compiling the selected audio tracks, Nero will analyse the tracks information. You will be asked to give a name to each CD you want to extract audio tracks from.

7.	If you want to extract audio files from a second CD, just insert now the second CD and compile the files in the same way you did it in step 6. If the first CD you have inserted was the only CD you wanted to extract files from, just continue with step 8.

8.	Once you have compiled all audio data, open the Write CD dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

Important: Audio data that have been compiled on-the-fly without being first saved as wave files, can only be written in track-at-once mode. This means that you will not be able to make use of some features of your CD recorder (e.g: CD Text, variable pause length, or index setting) since such  features are only available  in disc-at-once mode.

9.	Confirm by clicking on Write.

If the compiled audio tracks have been extracted from several CDs, a message will be displayed during the burn process asking you to insert the CD corresponding to the track Nero is ready to write.

10.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

11.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.

Important:: if your audio CD contains crackling noises or sounds strangely distorted, you have most likely trouble with the so-called "Audio Jitter". These problems are case by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. Please  refer to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings


Compiling .Wav files

Writing mode: Disc-at-Once

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Follow carefully the instructions. Good luck!

1.	If the  audio tracks you want to write to a CD are not in a Wav.format, please save them first into this format (see Saving audio tracks).

2.	Click on the Audio-CD icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

On the property sheets, the Audio-CD card is on the top.

3.	Now click on the New button at the right.

The corresponding blank compilation window for Audio CD opens.

4.	If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

5.	Using drag&drop, compile the files for the Audio CD by clicking on the desired files in the File Browser with the mouse and then dragging them into the compilation window.

6.	Now open the Write CD dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

7.	Confirm by clicking on Write.

8.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

9.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.

Important:: if your audio CD contains crackling noises or sounds strangely distorted, you have most likely trouble with the so-called "Audio Jitter". These problems are case by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. Please  refer to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings


Mixed-Mode CD

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to create and record a Mixed-Mode CD.

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Follow the instructions carefully. Good luck!

1.	Click on the Mixed-Mode icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

On the property sheets, the Multisession card is on the top.

2.	Now click on the New button at the right.

The corresponding blank compilation window for Mixed-Mode CD opens. This window combines the two windows, CD-ROM (ISO) and Audio-CD, into one window with two separate sections.

3.	If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

4.	Click on the desired data files in the File Browser with the mouse and then drag them into the data section, in the upper part of the window. Do the same with the desired audio tracks but drag them into the audio section, in the lower part of the window.

Important:

•	if you want to write your Mixed Mode CD in Disc-at-Mode mode, you need to save the audio tracks first in Wav.format on your hard disc. (refer to Saving audio tracks).

•	if you want to extract audio tracks from different CDs, and compile them on-the-fly, you will have to use the Track-at-Once mode. By compiling the selected audio tracks, Nero will analyse the tracks information. You will be asked to give a name to each CD you want to extract audio tracks from.  Just insert the CDs ones after the others and drag the desired audio tracks into the audio section of your Mixed Mode compilation

5.	Now open the Write dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

6.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

7.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

8.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.

Important:: if your audio CD contains crackling noises or sounds strangely distorted, you have most likely trouble with the so-called "Audio Jitter". These problems are case by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. Please  refer to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings


Bootable CD

General information concerning bootable CDs

The so called „El Torito“ standard describes how to create bootable CDs for PCs. Unfortunately it´s not possible for every PC to boot from a CD. What you need is:

1.	either a SCSI Controller equipped with a „new“ controller BIOS allowing to boot from a CD (for example Adaptec 2940)  and a SCSI CD-ROM drive connected with the controller

2.	or an IDE/ATAPI CD-ROM drive and a „new“ PC BIOS allowing to boot from CD. You can check that by looking at the BIOS options. If you can manage to change the boot sequence BIOS settings so that the term „CD-ROM“ is mentioned before drive „C“ or „A“ then you´re a lucky owner of a „new“ PC BIOS allowing you to boot from your CD-ROM drive.

If neither 1) nor 2) is true for you then your PC unfortunately is unable to boot from CDs. The only way out of this mess is to upgrade the BIOS of your motherboard (if there an update is available) or to purchase a SCSI CD-ROM drive (and/or a SCSI controller equipped with a „new“ controller BIOS).

Types of bootable CDs

To create a bootable CD you need a bootable drive which can be used as model for the bootable CD. Generally there are three kinds of bootable CDs:

1.	Floppy emulation: To create the bootable CD you need a bootable floppy disk as model. Such a CD „behaves“ after booting just as if a floppy disk would have been inserted into the floppy drive. This also true for the drive letter which is of course „A:“. The floppy disk drive (normally „A:“) may then be accessed through the drive letter „B:“. The amount of the boot data is of course limited by the maximum capacity of the floppy disk (for example 1.44 MB).

2.	Hard disk emulation: The model for such a CD is a bootable harddisk drive. The bootable CD „behaves“ as if it were drive „C:“ after booting. Your „old“ drive „C:“ may be accessed through the drive letter „D:“, drive „E:“ becomes „F:“ and so on. Because a CD can only store up to 640MB the size of your model drive must not exceed 640MB. For example, if you have a 2GB harddisk with a single partition, then it´s impossible to use this drive as model for a bootable CD. All you can do in such a case is to change the size of your hard disk partition. Normally, all data is lost if the partition sizes is changed using „FDISK“. But there are serveral tools available on the market which allow partitioning changes without losing data.

3.	No emulation: This feature is designed only for professionals, who want to create their own hard disk and CD-ROM drivers. This method for example is used for the „Windows NT 4.0 Server CD“.

The model for creating a bootable CD may either be a logical drive (all those drives which may be accessed through a drive letter; for example „C:“) or an image file of a drive. Such image files contain all sectors of a drive stored in a file. Such files may for example be created using „Norton Disk Editor“ or „WinImage“.

A very sad limitation of bootable CDs is the fact, that currently no „high level“ operating system like Windows 3.11, 95 or NT may be booted from a read only device. This limitation exists because all these operating systems try to write on the boot device during the boot process. Of course it´s just impossible to write to a CD-ROM drive. The resulting write error is fatal and causes the boot process to be aborted. Bootable CDs exist for other platforms like MacOS or Unix for several years and are used with great success.

So in the end good old DOS is currently the only operating system that may be booted from a CD. Of course, you can create a Windows 95 boot CD and interrupt the boot process by pressing F8 at the right time. Booting only DOS again should work perfectly.

How to create bootable CDs with Nero

Bootable CDs may be created only under Windows 95 or NT.

1.	First step is to create a new bootable ISO compilation. This can be done by clicking the menu command „File“ -> „New...“.

2.	On the left side of the dialog please choose the icon „CD-ROM (Boot)“.

3.	At this point you can see the property page „Boot“. The upper part of this page is used to select the kind of model you have as input for the bootable CD. You can choose whether you want to use a logical drive or an image file as model for your bootable CD.

Note: If the desired input device does not appear in the list of possible model drives then the reason is probably the size limitation for bootable CDs. The logical drive´s size may not exceed the capacity of a CD; that means 640MB.

Note: Please consider that you need to have administrator rights to be able to create bootable CDs using Windows NT 4.0. This behaviour is by Microsoft´s operating system design and was chosen to prevent hackers from accessing other user´s (possibly secret) files. But to create bootable CDs all sectors of a logical drives must be accessible. And the only user who´s got the permission to read all sectors using Windows NT is the supervisor.

4.	The lower part of the boot property page contains detailled settings for bootable CDs. These settings normally are dimmed indicating that Nero will check and set all the expert options automatically for you. If you choose to use an image file as model for the creation of a bootable CD, then Nero can´t  automatically choose those settings for you. In this case in or if you choose to define these settings manually you can do so. Of course you´re responsible for the resulting CD. If the settings are incorrect you will get an incorrect bootable CD...

5.	You can now click on New. The ISO compilation window opens.

6.	If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

7.	Click on the desired data files in the File Browser with the mouse and then drag them into the compilation window.

Note: you can burn a bootable CD without data on it. In that case, you don't have to compile files.

8.	Now open the Write CD dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

9.	Confirm by clicking on Write.


HFS CD

The Apple Macintosh file system is called „HFS“. CDs containing only HFS data can only be read by an Apple Macintosh computer. Hybrid CDs can be read by both Apple Macintosh and IBM PC computers.

To create a HFS CD you need to connect a SCSI harddisk containing one ore more HFS partitions to your PC. Such HFS harddisk partitions can only be created and edited using an Apple Macintosh computer. You also need a Mac to edit file icons and window positions. All that Nero does is to write the HFS data „as is“ on a CD. Please remember that the SCSI harddisk must be connected with your PC before starting the PC. Otherwise Nero will not be able to detect any HFS partitions. Please check the SCSI IDs to be sure your SCSI HFS harddisk has a unique SCSI ID.

How to create a HFS CD

1.	Choose the menu command „File“ -> „Burn HFS partition“. A dialog box  opens. This dialog box contains a list of all detected HFS partitions. If the list is empty, it means that no HFS partitions have been detected.

2.	Select the HFS partition you want to burn and click on „OK“. The usual Nero burn dialog box opens allowing you to start the burn process.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

3.	Confirm by clicking on Write.

NOTE: Again remember, that HFS CDs can only be read using an Apple Macintosh.


Hybrid CD

Hybrid CDs contain the well known ISO 9660 and additionally the Apple Macintosh HFS file system. Such CDs will be both readable by Macs and PCs. Nero creates so called „non shared“ Hybrid CDs. That means, files to be read by Macs and PCs must exist twice (one ISO and one HFS copy of the file) on the CD.

To create Hybrid-CDs using Nero you need to connect your PC with a SCSI harddisk containing the HFS partition to be written on the Hybrid CD. Such HFS partitions can only be created and edited using an Apple Macintosh computer.

1.	Choose the menu command „File“->„New...“ and select the icon „CD-ROM (Hybrid)“. On the right hand you see the „Hybrid“ property page containing a list box. This list box shows all detected HFS partitions. If it´s empty, it means that no HFS partitions have been detected.

2.	Now select the HFS partition you wish to burn. Click on „New“ and drag all the ISO files to be burned into the hybrid compilation window.

3.	Now open the Write dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected. All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

4.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

5.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

6.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.

NOTE: The Hybrid CD will then show all HFS files if it is read by an Apple Macintosh computer. PCs can read the ISO files only.


Recording a CD with Nero - UDF Format
UDF Format

The UDF file system was designed at the time, when it became clear, that the ISO9660 file system does not fit the requirements of CDRWs and DVDs. It’s optimized to handle huge data sizes and to minimize the necessary changes if a file needs to be added or deleted.

Nero 4 supports burning of UDF and UDF Bridge CDs, that contain a UDF and an ISO9660 file system. The UDF file system can be written without any special driver by Windows 98 and NT5. Windows 98 and NT5 will read the UDF file system if both UDF and ISO file systems are found on a media. Burning in UDF file format will be especially useful in the future, if DVDs are to be written, because UDF is the best file system to be written onto a DVDs. Please note, that currently Nero does not support UDF or Bridge multisession burning. So you need to burn UDF and Bridge CDs onto empty CDRs.


Multisession CD

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to create and record a Multisession CD.

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Nero allows you:

- to record a Multisession CD from a blank disc OR from an ISO CD. See Creating a Multisession CD

- to continue a Multisession CD you have recorder before. See Continuing a Multisession CD


Creating a Multisession CD

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to create and record a Multisession CD. Nero allows you to record a Multisession CD from a blank disc OR from an ISO CD.

If you want to continue writing a Multisession CD, please see Continuing a Multisession CD

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Introduction

Normally Nero writes ISO tracks using the CD sector format „Mode 1“. Starting with version 3.0.1 Nero supports also the „Mode2/XA“ format. The XA format is an extension of the ISO structures and may only be written in the CD sector format „Mode 2“. If you read Mode2/XA-CDs using a PC, DOS/Windows and a modern CD-ROM drive both Mode 1 and Mode2/XA CDs may be used. You won´t see any difference between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA CDs.

Follow the instructions carefully. Good luck!

1.	Click on the CD-ROM icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

2.	On the property sheets, the Multisession card is on the top.

3.	Please select the Start Multisession disc option. Make only sure that the No Multisession box is not activated.

4.	By opening the property page File Options you can switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA. The mode settings can be found in the upper right corner of this page. If these settings appear   dimmed/disabled, then these settings can´t be modified right now. This might for example be the case if you created the ISO compilation using the option „continue multisession“. If you would continue a multisession CD using a different ISO- or sector format, then you would be in danger of creating an unreadable CD.

5.	Now click on the New button at the right.

The corresponding blank compilation window for CD-ROM opens.

6.	Using drag&drop, compile the files for the CD by clicking on the desired files in the File Browser with the mouse and then dragging them into the compilation window.

If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

7.	Now open the Write CD dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

Important: make sure that the Finalize CD box is not checked, unless you don't want to write your CD again, after this session!

8.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

9.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

10.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.


Continuing a Multisession CD

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to continue writing a Multisession CD.

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

1.	Insert the Multisession CD, you want to continue to record, in your CD writer.

2.	Click on the CD-ROM icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

3.	On the property sheets, the Multisession card is on the top. Make only sure that the No Multisession box is not activated, otherwise you are not going to write a multisession CD, but an ISO CD!

4.	Please select the Continue Multisession disc option.

5.	By opening the property page File Options you can switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA. The mode settings can be found in the upper right corner of this page. If these settings appear   dimmed/disabled, then these settings can´t be modified right now. This might for example be the case if you created the ISO compilation using the option „continue multisession“. If you would continue a multisession CD using a different ISO- or sector format, then you would be in danger of creating an unreadable CD.

6.	Now click on the New button at the right. The Select track dialog box opens.

7.	Select the track that should be backed up. It will be generally the last ISO track. For this reason, Nero selects it by default.

8.	Click on the OK button. The corresponding compilation window for Multissession CD opens.

This window displays all information concerning the track you have selected. Depending on the refresh options selected in the multisession property sheet, you will see some folders and files shown in black or in grey.

Folders and files shown in black designate that they have been changed or recorded on your hard disk since your last session. They will be recorded on your CD now.

Folders and files shown in grey designate that they are already on your CD. They have been recorded during your last session and have not been changed. They are not going to be physically rewritten.

9.	Now open the Write CD dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top.

Important: make sure that the Finalize CD box is not checked, unless you don't want to write your CD again, after this session!

10.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

11.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

12.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.


CD Format- Checking

Tracks of different format may not be written on a CD in any arbitrary sequence. There are several well defined standard CD formats, which may be read by most CD-ROM drives. Among these well defined CD formats is for example the CD-ROM, which contains a single session which consists of a (mostly mode 1) data track. Another popular CD format is the Audio-CD, which consists of a single session of audio tracks. There are several other defined CD formats like Mixed Mode or Multisession CDs. Mixed Mode CDs consist of several data tracks of the same kind (either all mode 1 or all mode2/XA) written in separate track at once sessions. Such CDs may be created by Nero.

All these CD formats are well defined and can be read by nearly every CD-ROM drive. As mentioned before there are some other CD formats, which are unspecified. For example it´s not a good idea to mix mode 1 and mode2/XA tracks on the same CD. Another illegal CD format may be created by writing some audio tracks followed by an ISO mode 1 track and then to write some other audio tracks behind the others. Such CDs can not or can only partially be read by most CD-ROM drives. Many CD recorders can´t write additional tracks on such CDs. Mostly likely they panic and throw lots of SCSI/IDE errors instead (especially „illegal request“ errors).

It would be nice in this context to be warned if an unspecified CD format could be written before it´s too late. Indeed Nero offers this feature. It may be turned on or off in Nero´s preference property sheet. This option is called Check for correct CD format before burning. If this option is activated, then Nero will show you an alert box if you´re about to create an unspecified CD format. You can either abort the burn process or ignore Nero´s warning. As mentioned before there is no guarantee, that unspecified CD-ROM formats can be written on any CD-ROM drive.


Creating an Image File

Processing of an image file consists of two independent steps.

•	In the first step, the image file is created and saved as a file instead of being written immediately onto a CD.

•	In the second step, this image file is written onto a CD.

1.	Select Image Recorder from the CD-RECORDER> Choose Recorder menu and confirm your selection by clicking on OK.

2.	Create a CD-ROM (ISO) or an Audio-CD compilation.

3.	Open the Write dialog. The easiest way to do this is to click on the Write CD icon in the toolbar You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, which will undoubtedly look familiar to you: it is the same box which you saw for the creation of a new compilation, only now the Burn property sheet is shown on the top. You will see several boxes, some of which are already selected. Determine maximum speed and Simulate are already selected. In the case of an image file, however, it is enough to only select the Write box. You can deactivate the other steps by clicking on them.

4.	You may now check over all of the settings on this and the other property sheets and make any necessary changes.

5.	You may now confirm your selections by clicking on the
Write button. The Save Image File dialog box opens. Here, you can enter a file name for the image file. The files of your compilation will be written into this file. In other words, you need as much space for the image file as the total size of the files of the compilation.


Writing the Image File

1.	If you wish to write a previously-created Image File (refer Creating an Image File)
select File> Write CD-Image from the menu. The Open list box will open and display the existing NRG files (image files) for you.

2.	Select the file you wish from the list and confirm your selection with the Open command. You will then go to the Write CD dialog box, and the Burn property sheet will be shown on top.

From here, the procedure is the same as for writing a CD-ROM (ISO) or an Audio-CD compilation. You will see several boxes, of which some have already been selected.

All of the preferences may now be examined and changed if necessary.

3.	You may now confirm your selections by clicking on the
Write button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed. As a last step, you will see a message like "Burn process was successful with 2x (300 KB/s)." Finally, the CD will be ejected.

4.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD-Info icon.


CD-Copy with Nero

You can choose between two methods if you want to copy a CD.

1.	The image copy: the original CD will be read from the recorder and Nero will then create and save an image file, with the contents of your CD, to e.g. your hard disk. In a third step, Nero writes the image file onto a blank CD.

2.	The copy on-the-fly. Nero will read directly from your CD-ROM drive and write to your recorder, without creating an image file on your hard disk

It's hard to give general advice on when to use „on the fly“ and when to use „image copy“. The following list can give you some hints:

Choose „image copy“ if you

1.	want the best possible reproduction (especially concerning audio tracks)

2.	have enough time for an image copy which takes somewhat longer than an „on the fly“ copy

3.	have enough free space on a harddisk to store the CD image (you will possibly need several hundred megabytes!)

4.	want to write multiple copies of a CD

5.	expect read errors on the source CD (for example if you can see scratches or dust on the disc)

6.	want to copy mixed mode (a data track and one or more audio tracks) CDs. This is because some CD-ROM drives have a unholy tendency to „hang up“ (that means they don´t respond any longer to SCSI/DIE commands most likely crashing your computer) while reading blocks between the data and the audio track of a mixed mode CD. If this happens while an „on the fly“ copy takes place your destination CD will be crushed by a buffer underrun.

Choose „on the fly“ copy if you

1.	don´t have much time

2.	don´t have enough free space on your harddisk (hint: 1 minute of audio takes about 10 MB and a CD image file may be several hundred MB long!)

3.	want to copy a CD-ROM (no audio tracks) and trust the error correction capabilities of your CD-ROM drive

4.	want to copy mixed mode (a data track and one or more audio tracks) CDs and are pretty sure (by experience?) that your CD-ROM drive will read audio tracks perfectly and won´t „hang up“ (see above) between the data and audio track of a mixed mode CD

5.	don´t care if audio index positions get lost

6.	have lots of empty CD recordables

7.	Nero versions 3.0 or higher are capable of burning „on the fly“ copies using a CD-ROM drive as input device. You don´t need several hundred megabytes of free volume space on your harddisk any longer and will be able to copy CDs much faster. That´s the good news.

CD-Copy step by step

More about Copy on-the-fly

Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive

CD ROM-Read speed settings


CD-Copy step by step

We will show you, step by step, how you use Nero to copy a CD.

We will leave all the options with their default settings. For detailed information, please refer to the Reference Chapter in the manual. The manual is on the Nero-CD in the form of an Acrobat document.

Follow the instructions carefully. Good luck!

1.	Click on the CD-Copy icon in the New Compilation dialog window which opens after you start Nero. If you have already opened Nero, you can reach this dialog window through the icon for "New Compilation".

On the property sheets, the Burn card is on the top.

2.	Click on the property sheet Copy options to select the copy method you want.

3.	Insert the original CD in your recorder or in your CD-ROM drive, depending on whether you have selected the copy on-the-fly method or the "image-copy" method.

4.	By clicking on the CD Copy button, the Write CD dialog box will open..

5.	Now you may confirm by clicking on the Copy CD button. All of the selected steps will now be carried out in sequence including the burn process. So that you can follow exactly what is happening, a status window is displayed in which the individual steps are listed.

6.	As a last step, you will see a message like "burn process was successful with 2x(300 KB/s)".

7.	Finally, the CD will be ejected.

8.	You may now check to see for yourself what was written onto your new CD by re-inserting the CD and clicking on the CD info icon.

Important:: if your audio CD contains crackling noises or sounds strangely distorted, you have most likely trouble with the so-called "Audio Jitter". These problems are case by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. Please  refer to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings

CD-Copy with Nero

More about Copy on-the-fly

CD ROM-Read speed settings


More about Copy on-the-fly

Nero versions 3.0 and higher is capable of burning „on the fly“ copies using a CD-ROM drive as input device. You don´t need several hundred megabytes of free volume space on your harddisk any longer and will be able to copy CDs much faster. That´s the good news.

The dark side of the moon.....

Being able to copy CDs faster without needing lots of free volume space on your hard disk sounds like very good news. But unfortunately things are not that easy. There are several things to consider before copying „on the fly“:

1.	You need a CD-ROM drive capable of reading input data quickly enough to burn a CD. This means if you want to burn with 2x then your CD-ROM drive must be able to read faster than 2x (better 4x or more) to prevent a „buffer underrun“. To make sure this won´t happen is not so simple. One problem is that lots of CD-ROM drives (even brand new models among them!) read audio data considerably slower than normal data (mode 1 or mode 2) For example there are some 24x CD-ROM drives which read audio slower than 3x.

Even more problems cause CD-ROMs which can´t read audio at all or can only read audio slower than 1x (even brand new models!). Of course this makes „on the fly“ copies of audio or mixed mode CDs impossible because every CD recorder needs input data at at least 1x (depending upon the selected write speed).

2.	If a read error occurs on the source CD (for example if there is a scratch on the CD), then the read error may not be corrected by reading a sector several times because there´s no time to repeat the read process because every delay could cause a buffer underrun on the CD recorder of course trashing the unfinished copy. All that Nero can do in this case is to show a warning and write garbage data or just zeros to keep the recorder satisfied. The result will be a copy of the CD with some unreadable files which is better than a trashed CD but still pretty bad. That means that „on the fly“ copies are very sensitive concerning read errors.

3.	Many CD-ROM drives can´t read any session information. All they can tell is how many tracks of which type were found on the CD. This means there may be a loss of session information.

4.	Audio tracks may contain audio index positions. This information is available while reading the track that contains the index position. Unfortunately this is too late for „on the fly“ copies because recorders want to know about audio index positions before starting to write the track. In the end this means that any audio index positions will be lost if copying „on the fly“.

5.	The last bad news concerns the quality of digitally read audiodata. To explain why it´s necessary to discuss some technical details: While copying an audio track „on the fly“ Nero reads some audio data and then writes it on CD. This action is repeated as often as necessary to copy the track. The result is a very long repeated read/write/read/write... command sequence. Concurrently, the source and the destination CD keep spinning at independant speeds. The CD-ROM drive reads data from CD and stores it inside it´s cache memory. Nero will then receive it´s input data from the CD drive´s cache. If Nero reads digital audio data the procedure is just the same as for data. The trouble is that the source CD drive normally should read faster than the recorder would write. So the CD-ROM drive fills it´s internal cache with „read ahead“ digital audio data to be able to respond quickly to read commands. Nero reads slower than the CD-ROM drive because it reads at the slower recorder´s speed. So at some point the CD-ROM drive´s cache is full (a so called „buffer overflow“) and some „old data“ (from the CD drive´s point of view) must be thrown away to be able to keep on reading ahead. But this „old data“ is from slower Nero´s point of view „current data“ and is urgently needed to be sent to the CD recorder. What the drive needs to do now is to seek to an earlier position of the audio track. Unfortunately, audio tracks consist of sectors which don´t contain any direct time information (data tracks do contain time information!). Therefore, what the CD-ROM drive does is to estimate a „rough guess“ of where the required audio data might be found on the CD. It then starts to read again at this „fuzzy“ position and fills it´s cache with data to send it to Nero. So the audio data Nero gets is not necessary exactly what Nero wanted to read, but may contain data from another (very close but not „correct“) position of the CD. Nero then uses this data to write it to the recorder believing the data is correct. The result is a copied track with some „clicks“ or „scratches“. This unwanted effect is called „jitter“. The amount of „jitter“ depends highly upon the model of your CD-ROM drives. There are drives which read audio perfectly and other produce such a huge amout of „jitter“ that they are almost impossible to use as input device for audio CD copies. To find out to which category your CD-ROM drive belongs all you got to do is to save an audio track from your CD-ROM drive with Nero´s „Save track“ menu command and then play the wave file. If it sounds alright, then you´ve got a „good“ CD-ROM drive. If it sounds bad, then it´s better not to use this drive as input for „on the fly“ copies of audio or mixed mode CDs. By the way: for „image CD copies“ Nero can do „jitter correction“ to avoid scratches and clicks. While copying „on the fly“ there is no time to do that.

CD-Copy with Nero

CD-Copy step by step

Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive

CD ROM-Read speed settings


Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive

To read audio tracks as wave-files or to burn „on the fly“ CD-copies Nero has to read digital audio data from your CD-ROM drive. Please remember that reading digital audio data is something completely different from just „playing“ analog audio using headphones or a sound card! All CD-ROM drives can „play“ audio data, but only some can read digital audio data and among these only few read high quality audio data. You see, that the quality of the digitally read audio data may or may not be perfect. To be precise the audio quality is highly dependant upon the CD-ROM drive´s model and manufacturer.

What do we mean by „high quality“ audio data? This is easiest explained using an unpleaseant expample. There might be „discontinous“ audio data, which can be heard later as crackling noise or as a kind of „scratch“-sound. If you want to learn more about the technical reasons for this problem please read the section „On the fly“ copies using Nero“.

Before copying CDs or reading audio tracks as wave-files it might be a good idea to check the audio capabilities of your CD-ROM drive. This knowledge can help you to choose the best copy options and to avoid defect CD copies. To diagnose your CD-ROM´s audio capabilities please do the following steps:

1.	Please check first, if your CD-ROM drive is already supported by Nero. You can do that by choosing the menu command CD Recorder->Audiodetect CD-ROM. If all combo boxes in the dialog appear dimmed and the only selectable button is „Cancel“, then your CD-ROM drive is supported by Nero. You can continue with step 2. If your CD-ROM drive appears in the list of unsupported CD-ROMs then you need to do a CD-ROM autodetection first. Please read the section CD-ROM Autodetection for details.

2.	Now put the Nero CD into your CD-ROM drive. If the Nero installer launches, then stop the installation process because Nero is already installed.

3.	Please choose the menu command Recorder->Save track. Select the second track (or the first audio track) and save it as a wave file.

4.	Create a new audio compilation by using the menu command File->New and drag the wave file you created in step 3 into the audio compilation.

5.	Now doubleclick the wave track inside the audio compilation.

6.	A dialog box will open allowing you to show the property page Set index positions. You should see a graphical representation of the wave data on the screen with the two audio channels of the audio data. The upper (left) channel should look like a regular „ZigZag“-line (a „sawtooth“ curve to be precise) and the lower (right) channel should be a horizontal „zero“-line. You can use the right arrow button inside the audio scroll bar to scroll the audio data.

7.	Taking a close look at the audio data should allow you to check, which of the following three descriptions is closest to your case:

•	If you see a regular „ZigZag“-line at the left (upper) channel and a constant horizontal „zero“ line at the right (lower) channel, then your CD-ROM drive has high quality audio read capabilities. If your CD-ROM drive is able to read faster than 1x then you´ve got a really good CD-ROM drive. It may be used to copy all kinds of CDs „on the fly“. Congratulations!

•	If the lower (left) channel is constant zero but the „ZigZag“-line on the left (upper) channel appears to be irregular or as if somebody would have cut a piece of sound and pasted it somewhere else, then your CD-ROM drive suffers from „audio jitter“ (see chapter „On the fly“ copies using Nero“ for technical background info). Your CD-ROM drive may be used to copy CD-ROMs not containing audio tracks without problems. Copying audio or mixed mode CDs using your CD-ROM is a little bit risky and should be done with caution.

•	If the „ZigZag“-Line sometimes appears at the left/upper channel and sometimes at the right/lower channel or if the audio data looks like „nonsense“ (for example both channels constant zero or if no „ZigZag“-line at all appears) then your CD-ROM drive unfortunately has pretty poor digital audio capabilities. In this case you shouldn´t use your CD-ROM to burn „on the fly“ copies of CDs containing audio tracks because the copies will almost surely be damaged. You can use our CD-ROM to copy data CDs without expecting any trouble.

CD-Copy with Nero

CD-Copy step by step

More about Copy on-the-fly

CD ROM-Read speed settings


CD ROM-Read speed settings

Audio tracks read by a CD ROM drive may be later on heard with crackling noises or   „scratches“ (Jitter effect). This happens when data have been written in a discontinuous way. However, the audio quality highly depends upon the model of your CD-ROM drive and its read speed. Nero now allows you to edit the read speed of your CD ROM drive to avoid read errors.

Selecting a lower read speed enables Nero to correct errors by rewinding and  reading the sectors again . However, how successful jitter correction is, depends on the hardware you are using.

To find out how many different read speeds your CD ROM drive provides, select in the menu CD Recorder the command Autodetect CD ROM.... Using the function Autodetect CD ROM Nero will try to detect which read speed your CD ROM drive supports. However, it might happen, that Nero doesn't detect all read speeds available. This is due to the fact that there are so many CD ROM drives on the market that we can't test all of them..... In this case, just send an email to our support department (support@ahead.de) to find out if there is new information regarding your drive.

How to autodetect again your CD ROM drive

If your CD ROM drive has already been detected by Nero but you are not satisfied with the read speed, you have the possibility to do again an autodetection of your CD ROM drive to find out if your CD ROM drive supports other read speeds than the one you currently have .

1.	Open the file "CDROM.CFG" located in the directory of Nero. Open this file with a Texteditor such as Notepad.

2.	Once you have opened the file, search  the information regarding your CD ROM drive.

3.	For all information concerning your drive just type a ";" before every sentence.

Example:

;[DRIVEXX CD-ROM CR-208]

;TYPE=SCSI    GENERIC_5

;COM=1

;CDRCAP_MAXREADSPEED=1800

;CDRCAP_MAXREADDASPEED=900

4.	Once you have made the changes, please save and close the CDROM.CFG file.

5.	Open Nero to run again Auto-detection of CD-ROM drives.


Saving audio tracks

An important prerequisite for creating Audio CDs with Nero is that the music files are available in WAV format with 44.1 kHz and 16-bit stereo.

1.	Insert an Audio CD in your recorder

2.	Now select the CD recorder>Save track menu

3.	All the information concerning your CD will be displayed in the Save track window: tracks, length,...

4.	Select the track you which to save as a Wav-file and press the Save as a wavfile button. The Save as window opens.

5.	Input now the name under which these sound files should be stored. Default is track + chosen track number (from window) and „.WAV“. You can choose another name. :WAV will be added by NERO

6.	After pressing the Save button, the Writing Wav file window opens. This window shows you the remaining time,  % completed and the succesful copy - or not.

7.	If you want to save more audio tracks as Wav.file, please repeat steps four through six, otherwise press the Cancel button.

8.	If the File Browser has not yet been opened, you can do that now by entering the VIEW>New File Browser command or by clicking on the File Browser icon.

Now you can create and burn your own Audio-CD.

Important:: if your audio CD contains crackling noises or sounds strangely distorted, you have most likely trouble with the so-called "Audio Jitter". These problems are case by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. Please  refer to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings


Saving data tracks

The purpose of saving audio tracks into wave file is obvious. They can be used to create personal „best of“ Audio CDs. But Nero can store mode 1 data tracks too. The result will be a Nero CD imagefile which can be burned afterwards. But what the heck is this good for if the same effect can be achieved by copying files onto the harddisk and burning them later as an ISO compilation? Well, storing data tracks into an image file surely makes sense because it has some advantages compared with the more „traditional“ method of copying files and burning them as an ISO compilation:

1.	You can store data tracks containing another file system than PC´s standard ISO! For example they could be Apple Macintosh HFS tracks or the so called „Hybrid CDs“ containing HFS and ISO data in a single track! The Macintosh information would be lost forever if files were burned as an ISO compilation. Saving the track and burning the resulting image file preserves all this additional data! The same argument is true for the „Apple ISO Extensions“ or the „Rockridge ISO Extensions“!

2.	The Nero image files created by the command Save track can be burned on non-empty CDs. Furthermore the CDs don´t have to be fixated after burning! Both mentioned advantages together make it possible to create CDs containing all the information of several „small“ CDs (containing only some megabytes of data). Taking a look at some „silver CDs“ containing PC or Apple Macintosh software will show you, that most „silver“ CD ROMs are more or less „empy“ taking account of the fact that up to 640MB can be stored on a standard CD ROM. So why not combining several CDs on one writeable „golden CD“? Each „Sub-CD“ (or track) can be accessed easily from Windows through Nero Multi Mounter. Enough theory.

If you want to create such a „multivolume CD“ save all desired CDs as a Nero CD image file using the menu command Save track. Then burn them one by one onto a writeable CD. Those multivolume CDs also have further important advantages compared with the CDs created by the „traditional“ method of copying CDs into folders and burning them all together as a single ISO compilation: There won´t be any file name collisions concerning the famous „Autorun.Inf“ and „Setup.exe“ files and even those installers relying on a special volume name will do their job perfectly!

3.	You possibly can copy multisession CDs which Nero normally can´t copy! The procedure is straightforward: copy all tracks into Nero image files using the method mentioned in point 2) of this text. Then burn them on an empty CD. Unfortunately there is a restriction for this method of copying multisession CDs: Those tracks containing links to other tracks may not be stored into a Nero CD image! The reason for this restriction is the fact, that images created from linked multisession tracks would not contain all referenced files and folders! So if you tried to burn such a track onto a different CD, everything would appear to be in perfect order until the very moment when you tried to read one of those files not contained in the original CD track. The result would be just read errors or junk data because the track link now would refer to some CD sector. To avoid these rather disastrous consequences storing of linked multisession tracks is generally prohibited in Nero.

Some information concerning the implementation of the Save track command in Nero: As first step Nero tries to analyze the data track to gather information about the file system stored in the selected data track. Then, all CD sectors from this track are written into the Nero CD image file. Finally, the image file is processed to allow this image to be written onto a non-empty CD. For the experts among the Nero users: An ISO filesystem must be relocated if it is to be burned onto a different (non-zero) start sector of a CD. But don´t be afraid. Nero will do all this „dirty work“ for you.

Important Note:

Nero can store ISO, Joliet, Macintosh HFS- and Hybrid (which is ISO and HFS) CD tracks into an image file. But if the image file (resp. the original CD track) contains a different file system unknown to Nero (like native Unix filesystems or others) the result of burning this image onto a non-empty CD may be corrupted data. If it works or not depends on the kind of file system stored in the data track. For some file systems this might work and for others the result will just be corrupted data. But you can be sure to get correct results if the track contains one of the mentioned file systems: ISO, Joliet, HFS or Hybrid. Almost every available CD for PC or Apple Macintosh is created using these file systems. By the way: the kind of track is displayed in the track list dialog appearing after selecting the menu command Save track. If the track is showm as „Data mode 1“ without any further information, then Nero won´t be able to give any guaranties about the resulting CD. But Nero leaves you the freedom to decide whether you want to store those unknown tracks into a Nero image or not. Only an alert box is displayed to remind you of the risk.


Nero Multi Mounter

The Nero Multi Mounter, available for Win 95 und Win NT4.0, allows you to view ALL the sessions and to access ALL the files recorded on your Multisession CD!

The Nero Multi Mounter is automatically installed with the installation of Nero.

How to use the Nero Multi Mounter?

1.	Insert your Multisession CD into your CD-ROM drive or your recorder.

2.	Go to the Explorer and select the drive in which you put the CD.

3.	Select properties either through the menu File/properties or by using the right mouse button. Then you will see two or more property sheets one of which is the volumes sheet.

4.	Select the volumes property sheet. You can see now all the sessions listed that have been burned onto the CD.

5.	Click on the session you want to be displayed, then return to the Explorer. You can see now the contents of the selected session and select a file.


Nero's Level Indicator

The level indicator is located at the bottom of Nero’s gray main window. It`s purpose is to show the size of the current compilation and to indicate, if the compilation data will fit onto a CD. Normally, digital data is measured in megabytes and audio data in minutes of playing time. Therefore, Nero will display the size of audio and mixed mode compilations in minutes and other compilation types in megabytes. The blue bar graph inside the level indicator shows the current compilation size.

Normal CDRs have a capacity of 650 MB (74 minutes). However, some manufacturers produce now CDRs with larger capacities. So all, that can be said without examining a given CDR is, that 74 minutes of data should always fit onto the CD. Between 74 and 75 minutes the data might or might not fit onto the CD. Data larger than 75 minutes will definitively not fit onto a CD recordable. These borders are shown in Nero`s level indicator as a yellow and a red dotted line.

If some companies manufacture CDRs with a capacity of more than 75 minutes, there is still a way to make Nero display a correct level indicator. It’s possible to adjust the positions of the yellow and red line in Nero`s preferences. But these values influence only the look of the level indicator. It is definitively not possible to „fake“ some additional megabytes onto the CD-R by modifying these values. But it`s possible to turn off Nero`s level indicator completely in the preferences dialog. Some users might like that, because harddisks and computer displays have something in common: They are always too small; no matter how large they are...

A level indicator is a nice thing to have. Unfortunately the displayed compilation sizes are not absolutely exact. This is the case, because:

•	In most cases (except a „continued“ Multisession CD) Nero doesn’t know the size of the destination CD yet. Maybe the CD wasn’t placed in the CD recorder yet. Nero`s level indicator behaves in this case just as if the destination CD would be empty.

•	To calculate the size of some kinds of compilations (like for example ISO compilations) can be very difficult. The data structures to be built are rather complex, their size depends upon many Nero settings and it might take quite some time to build an ISO file system (this task is definitively not a „real time“ process)! But unless the ISO structures are built completely, the exact size of an ISO compilation is not known. So all, that Nero can do is to show a „good“ approximate compilation size.


Auto-detection of CD-ROM drives

Why do we need that automatic detection of CD-ROM drives?

Currently there are several hundreds or maybe even thousands of different models of CD-ROM drives available on the market. Due to time and availability limitations it´s absolutely impossible to support every available CD-ROM drive models. Nero already supports many different CD-ROM drives but a support of all CD-ROM drives is simply impossible.

For users of not directly supported CD-ROM drives, Nero offers the menu command CD-Rekorder -> Autodetect CD-ROM. Once a CD-ROM drive was successfully detected by Nero it may be used as input device for „on the fly“ copies or to save CD tracks. Nero´s autodetection should be able to detect most CD-ROM drives that are not directly supported.

CD-ROM Autodetection

If this menu command is activated Nero tries to determine the specific properties of a CD-ROM drive by transmitting some SCSI or IDE commands and check the drive´s answer afterwards. Unfortunately this method is some kind of risky because there is no standard SCSI or IDE command set supported by each and every CD-ROM model. The result of sending a not supported command to a CD-ROM drive might be a system crash. This phenomenon is already known from the Windows 95 command „hardware detection“. Because this command may be risky it´s a very good idea to close all programs and save data before starting an autodetection.

1.	Having chosen the menu command CD Recorder -> Autodetect CD-ROM opens a dialog allowing to choose the not supported CD-ROM drive from a list of available devices.

2.	Furthermore the bus type (IDE/SCSI or unknown) and the command set may be defined. If possible Nero presets these options with reasonable default values. If SCSI or IDE is preselected as bus type it´s most likely not a good idea to change this settings because Nero detected the bus type by checking the driver. The result therefore is most certainly correct.  If you have an IDE CD-ROM then the command list in the dialog contains only a single entry. This is because IDE CD-ROM drives have a standard command set and the differences between CD-ROM models are relatively small. If you´re an owner of a SCSI-CD-ROM you shouldn´t need to change the preselected command set because again Nero has probably preselected a „reasonable“ entry.

3.	Please put the Nero CD into the CD-ROM drive to be autodetected. By the way: you do need the Nero CD; any other CD won´t work! Please wait some seconds until your CD-ROM drive has stopped scanning the CD. Normally you can tell this by looking at the „busy“ LED at the front side of the drive.

Important:

If you don’t have the Nero CD, you can download an autodetection CD image file from our web site http://www.ahead.de and burn this image using the menu command File->Burn CD image onto an empty CD (please don`t try to burn the CD image file by dragging it into an ISO compilation since autodetection will definitively fail if you do that). Such a self made autodetection CD can be used as a replacement for the original Nero 3.x CD during the autodetection process.

Note: If the Nero installer launches, please terminate the installation immediately because of course you already have installed Nero before. The reason for the „installer launched“ effect is the activated Windows 95 option „auto insert notification“.

4.	Now click the OK button. Nero will now try to detect the specific properties of your CD-ROM drive. The current activity is displayed in a dialog box. If you can´t see any changes for several minutes then the autodetection most likely failed. In this case you should restart your computer choosing different command set  (and possibly different bus type) options in the autodetection dialog. If this fails after several retries you can read below what to do in this case.

Once the CD-ROM autodetection is completed Nero will show the read speed of your CD-ROM drive. This information is given for data and audio as well. The results might be different from the expected value because the results depend upon the kind of data (audio or mode1/mode2), the operating system and other properties your computer. Especially audio read speed may be slower than data read speed.

If the audio read speed of your CD-ROM drive turns out to be slower than 150kb per second or if your CD-ROM drive doesn´t support audio reading at all (indicated by a dimmed gray display of the audio read speed display) then Nero can´t use your drive as input device for audio and mixed mode CDs.

One way out of this mess may be buying another CD-ROM drive with better audio read capabilities. A good source of information may be hardware tests of computer newspapers. As an owner of a CD recorder you should purchase a CD-ROM drive capable of reading audio quickly and „correctly“ (with only little or no jitter). Another very userful property would be a good error correction. These two properties are a lot more important than a read speed of - say 48x. Most CD recorders  are capable of writing at 2x or 4x. Therfore a read speed of 8x for audio and data is more than sufficient for „on the fly“ copies. The differences in quality between several models of CD-ROM drives are huge. Therefore it´s a very good idea to be well informed before purchasing a CD-ROM drive.

At this point you can decide whether to store the detected CD-ROM parameters. If you choose to store them Nero will be able to use your CD-ROM drive as input device for „on the fly“ copies or to store a CD track. So you should click „store settings“ here.

What to do if Nero has problems autodetecting your CD-ROM drive?

•	First of all have a look at ahead´s WWW page (http://www.ahead.de). Possibly you can find an improved and extended file „CDROM.CFG“. This file is used by Nero to store the drive parameters of all the CD-ROM drives Nero supports. Ahead will extend this file every time we get to know an unsupported CD-ROM drive. Therfore we´d like to ask you to send us a copy of your „CDROM.CFG“ file as e-mail (can be found in the Nero folder of your harddisk; probably at „C:\Programs\Ahead\Nero“) if Nero successfully identified your CD-ROM drive. We promise to include the drive parameters in the „CDROM.CFG“ and put it on our web page.

•	If you can´t find a new „CDROM.CFG“ at our homepage or if you don´t have internet access, then we´d like to ask you to send us the model name/type of your CD-ROM (for example „PIONEER CD-ROM DR-U10X“) as displayed in Nero´s list of unsupported drives, the kind of interface/bus of the drive (that means SCSI or IDE) and some additional information about your computer (operating system, memory, SCSI-controller and names and versions of other CD recording software installed on your PC). Please send us this information via FAX, e-mail or in urgent cases call our hotline. We will try to solve the problem as quickly as possible. You can find our e-mail address and fax number by looking at the jewel box of your Nero CD.


CD Text information

Writing CD Text  with Nero

CD Text is an additional information on audio tracks. Title of audio tracks and name of the artists can now be written onto a CD and afterwards be read by CD ROM drives and audio players. By playing an audio track, its title and the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.

CD Text information can only be written onto a CD if your CD recorder supports this feature. Furthermore, CD Text information can only be written using disc-at-once writing method.  To find out if your recorder supports this feature, just select the menu CD Recorder>Choose CD Recorder.

How to write an Audio CD with CD Text information

Once you have created your Audio-CD compilation, open the Compilation Info dialog box from the menu File. You can now enter the title of the CD and the name of its artist (maximum 64 characters).

Furthermore, you can give a name to each audio tracks of your compilation and the name of the corresponding artist by double-clicking on the audio tracks. In the dialog box, which will be then displayed, you will find the CD Text information settings.

Important: CD Text information can only be written by using the disc-at-once writing mode. Make sure that this option has been selected in the "Write" property sheet.

You can now click on the "Write" button.

How to display CD Text information

To display CD Text information, select the menu command CD Recorder>Save track as. The CD Text information will be of course displayed only if your CD recorder supports this feature.

How to copy CD with CD Text information

Nero enables the copy of CDs with CD Text information if the drive that will read the CD and your CD recorder support this feature. Under these two conditions, you are able to make a copy on-the-fly or to make an image-copy of CD with CD text information.


Burning oversized CDs

We may sometimes find Cds (audio or data Cds) that are longer than the normal 74 minutes ones. It can be then very frustrating not to be able to make any back-up copies of such Cds as the normal 74 minutes CD-Rs (640-680MB) don«t provide enough place to burn the whole data.

But there are basically 2 solutions to this problem :

•	the first one deals with CD-Rs that have a writing-capacity of 80 minutes

•	The second one concerns CD-Recorders that allow to burn more data on Cds than other CD-Recorders would allow it.

But a couple of problems can appear while burning oversized Cds. There are actually 3 kinds of possible problems :

•	the first and most annoying problem is to find out some reading-errors at the end of the CD, and especially in the sectors located out of the normal burning capacity. Thus, in Audio Cds, these errors would be revealed as kinds of noises, scratches or silences at the end of the CD. With Data Cds, a serie of data may simply not be readable.

•	the second problem is that we may get SCSI/Atapi error-messages and then the CD-Recorder will stop the burn process. These error-messages are „Write-emergency" or „Track following error". However, in spite of these errors, burnt Cds are still more or less readable till the end of the CD. Moreover, it is important to underline that such errors depend a lot on the quality, the brand of the CD-Rs as well as on the type of CD-Recorder. There is unfortunately no possibility to determine automatically the exact oversize-capacity of a CD.

•	the third problem is that oversize-burning might in very few cases damage the CD-Recorder.

When you are a Nero user and absolutely want to burn oversized Cds, please check first if your CD-Recorder allows such a burning-session. For most of the CD-Recorders, such an option is possible only in „Disc At once „ mode.

If you have one of these CD-Recorders that supports oversize CD recording, you can then open the „expert features" in the Nero settings („File" ->„ Preferences"). In the "expert features" property sheet, you will be then able to activate the oversize-burning option. In the same window, you have the possibility to enter the maximal oversize capacity of your CD-R.

When the data you want to burn are bigger than the normal capacity of CD-Rs but smaller than the maximal oversize capacity entered, and when you have activated the oversize burning option, Nero will then ask you if you really want to try the oversize burning process. If you answer yes, Nero will continue the burn process. If not, the burn process will be cancelled.

As already said, there is no possibility to determine automatically the maximal oversize capacity of your CD-R. It means that you must first test where is the  border of your CD-R, this depending on the brand of the CD. Usually, 74 minutes Cds allow an oversize burning of 76 Minutes without any big problems. We can also find 74 minutes Cds that offer oversize burning capacity of 79,30 minutes ! Nero 4.0 also allows oversize burning of 80 minutes CD-Rs (up to 82 minutes).

We would recommend you first to try the simulation or the burning with 76 minutes. If, at the end of the burn process or the simulation, there is an error message, then try to set up again the maximal oversize burning capacity or try with another brand of CD-Rs. On the contrary, if you don«t get any error message, it means that this border is still higher.

Important Note: according to the specifications of the manufacturers, oversize burning may, in theory, destroy the CD-Recorder. But in practice, it happens very rarely. Anyway, we can«t give any guaranty concerning the reading quality of such burnt Cds. That is why we can only warn you: you can try oversize burning but at your own risks !


Nero general questions

1.	Does Nero burn on-the-fly?

2.	How do I create a CD Image?

3.	Although I created a Multisession disc I can only see the last session. Why?

4.	After entering the serial number, I cannot get Nero installed . What is happening?

5.	How can I prevent buffer underruns?

6.	Although the speed test and the simulation have been tested successfully, I get a lot of error messages (SCSI-error, Host-Adapter-error,...) while burning

7.	I can't select another language other than english.

8.	I want to autodetect my CD recorder. How can that be done?

9.	My computer behaves unstably since I Nero installed. What can be done?

10.	I can read my recorded CDs in my recorder, but not in every CD rom drive. Why?

11.	My actually much faster SCSI CD ROM drive can read with Nero only relatively slowly. Why?

12.	Why can't I copy 79 minutes long audio CDs?

13.	How to create a backup of a Sony Playstation® CD?

14.	How to get rid of those 2 seconds gap between audio tracks?

15.	How to create a bootable Windows 95 or Windows NT CD?

16.	My burned audio CDs sound strangely distorted or contain crackling noise. What can be done?

17.	When burning one of the following error messages is displayed. What to do?

18.	My CD ROM drive is not detected by Nero. What can I do?


Yes, Nero automatically uses on-the-fly burning


To create a CD-image we use the so-called "image recorder". You select this recorder in the menu CD Recorder>recorder selection. As a result, your files will be written into an image file and not directly to the recorder. To burn this image go to the menu File>Burn image. Remenber that you need enough free space on the chosen volume to save the full image.


If your CD Recorder supports multisession, you can only read the last session of your CD on Windows 95 and NT 4.0 and the first session on Windows 3.1x.

Nero gives you the solution: in Windows 95 and NT 4.0, you can use the Nero Multi Mounter to switch to any other session of your Multisession CD.

Please see also Nero Multi Mounter.


You most likely have a demo version of Nero installed, of which the time has expired. Please contact us for a new demo.


- defragment your hard disk from time to time

- no other tasks should be performed by the computer during the burn process

- before burning, you should always run the speed test and the simulation in order to get the optimal speed. If you don't do that, the maximum possible write speed of the recorder is kept as default.


The problem seems to be a communication problem between the recorder and the SCSI host adapter. To solve it, you have to change the BIOS settings of your SCSI host adapter. Please press Ctrl+A during booting up your PC to enter the "SCSI Select Utility". Then select "Configure/View Host Adapter Setting" and "SCSI Device Configuration". In this menu change the following parameters of the SCSI ID you have connected your recorder:

Initiate Sync Negotiation: No

Maximum Sync Transfer Rrate: 5 or 10


Nero provides six languages: English, French, German, Italian, Spanish and Dutch.

If you can only select one language in the Language property sheet, please reinstall Nero and follow carefully the instructions as they appear. You will then have the option to select all languages supported by Nero.


Unfortunately not at all! The menu option autodetect CD ROM drive is like the name already says meant only to detecting CD ROM drives and NOT CD recorders. This ability for Nero would be a nice feature, but unfortunately it is just not realizable because of the huge differences between the command sets of the different recorders.


Please check the following possible reasons for these problems:

•	Did you install several different recording programs (like WinOnCD, EasyCDCreator, Gear, DirectCD, ...) on your PC? If so, then it`s always a good idea to deinstall all recording programs except the one, you want to use. This helps to avoid driver conflicts.

•	Did you both install DirectCD and Nero? Nero and DirectCD are incompatible. Unfortunately, you must deinstall one of both programs to be able to use the other one. Ahead is working on a solution.

•	Atapi recorders: Maybe the system becomes instable, because outdated WinAspi drivers are installed. Registered Nero users should get into contact with ahead in this case. E-mail: support@ahead.de

•	Atapi recorders: Did you install a busmaster IDE driver? Some outdated busmaster drivers are incompatible with recording software. Maybe you need an update of your busmaster driver or need to deinstall it.


Please check, if the CD is a recordable or a rewriteable (rewriteables can be recognized from the silver-grey colour). Rewriteables can only be read in CD ROM drives with the multiread feature. If you want to be sure, that your CDs can be read everywhere, then use recordables.


You probably have trouble with outdated WinAspi drivers. You can check the web pages of the manufacturer of your SCSI card and check, if there are new WinAspi or miniport drivers available for download. Registered Nero users should get into contact with ahead if there are no updated drivers available. E-mail: support@ahead.de


Most recordables and rewriteables have a capacity of about 74 minutes. Therefore it`s simply impossible to copy an audio CD of 79 minutes completely. What you can do is to leave out some tracks and burn the rest. To do so, please select the menu command CD Recorder->Save track and store the audio tracks of your choice into wav files. You can use these wav files to drag them into an audio compilation afterwards.


Unfortunately Playstation CDs are heavily copy protected. Nevertheless it’s possible to create backups of most Playstation games. What you need:

•	a so called „MOD“ chip, which must be soldered into the Playstation. Such chips are offered in many play magazines by advertisement, but it’s also easy to find manufacturers of „MOD“ chips in the internet. Just try to look for the words „PSX“, „Playstation“, „MOD“ and „chip“.

•	a CD recorder capable of burning CDs using the „disc at once“ method

•	about 700MB of free drive space to store a CD image file

Proceed as follows:

1.	Start Nero

2.	Insert the Playstation CD in your recorder

3.	Choose the menu command File->CD Copy

4.	Select the page Copy Options and uncheck the on the fly option. Select your CD recorder as input device and choose (for safety considerdations) 1x as read speed.

5.	Open the page Read Options and select (if these options are available for your recorder) „Read media catalog number and ISRC“, „Continue copying“, „Data Mode 1“: „Force Raw reading“ „Write uncorrected“, „Data Mode 2“: „Force Raw reading“ „Write uncorrected“, „Read audio with subchannel“, „Ignore read errors“ and uncheck „Jitter correction“.

6.	Open the Image page and choose a harddisk drive with at least 700MB of free disk space.

7.	Select the page Burn and choose (for safety considerations) 1x as write speed.

8.	Click the Burn button

9.	Don`t be too disappointed, if one or another Playstation CD can not be copied. Some of them are heavily copy protected.


Against the often expressed opinion many (but not all) CD recorders are able to burn audio tracks without the 2 seconds gap between the tracks. It`s also untrue, that „disc at once“ burning means, that a gap of zero seconds is written. The „disc at once“ burn method just gives you the freedom to choose a gap length of your choice. Generally it`s best to burn audio CDs using the „disc at once“ method.

To modify the gap between audio tracks just double click a track in a Nero audio compilation. A dialog will pop up, which allows you to enter a pause length of your choice. If you would like to change gaps of several tracks, then select these tracks and choose the menu command Edit->Properties and enter the desired gap length. Note please, that the gap before the first track must be between 2 and 3 seconds with respect to the rainbow book definitions. It wouldn`t make much sense to change this gap anyway, because nobody would be able to hear the difference.

Once you entered the gaps of your choice click on burn and leave the „disc at once“ option checked (if your recorder supports DAO). If your recorder doesn`t support DAO or variable gaps in TAO, then you will see a warning, telling you, that some of your gap settings couldn`t be applied. In this case your recorder is unable to write the CD, that you want. The only thing you can do in this case is to carefully select your next CD recorder and make sure, that it`s capable of DAO writing. Sorry.


Unfortunately, this is more or less impossible, since both Win95 and NT try to write onto the boot device during the boot process. Such a write onto a CD ROM drive clearly doesn`t make much sense and will end up in an error message being displayed. The boot process will terminate and that`s it. Currently it`s possible to create bootable DOS CDs only. Hopefully, future Microsoft operating systems will have the capability to boot from  a write protected device.


Most likely you have trouble with the so-called " Audio Jitter" effect. These problems are cause by hardware failures to read audio data correctly. There are the basically the following solutions:

•	reduce the read speed (possibly to 1x) or

•	turn on Nero`s jitter correction or if nothing else helps

•	use different hardware to read audio. There are huge differences concerning audio reading capabilities of CD ROM drives. Here it is advisable to purchase only high quality hardware of considerable manufacturers.

 Please  refer also to Checking the audio features of your CD-ROM drive and CD ROM-Read speed settings


•	„Buffer underrun“, „Write error, padding blocks added“, „Logical block out of range“:

These is the most common recorder error. In this case, try to use a lower write speed and/or maximize your PC’s speed. This can be done by harddisk defragmentation, not using any other software while burning a CD, disabling of any background processes, disabling screen savers or energy saving tools and so on.

•	„Queuing failed“, „Waitqueue failed“, „Reset occurred“ or a PC hangup while using Atapi recorders.

Most likely this is a communication problem between the adapter and the CD recorder. For SCSI devices one could try to turn off „sync negotiation“ and slowing down the data transfer rate in the controller BIOS. Maybe a SCSI adapter driver (WinAspi or miniport) update helps. Please check, if all SCSI devices have been terminated correctly and if the SCSI bus wire isn`t too long. If you have an Atapi recorder, then you might have trouble with your WinAspi drivers. It might be possible too, that the master/slave settings are wrong. Maybe it’s also a good idea to give the CD recorder one of the two PC IDE busses for exclusive usage.

•	„Power calibration error“, „Focus servo failure“, „Laser adjustment error“, „Monitor ATIP error“, „Write emergency“ or „Spindle servo failure“:

These are really bad hardware errors. Maybe using another brand of CDRs could help. If this doesn`t help, then you`ll probably need to have your recorder repaired.

•	„Track following error“,  „Track servo error“:

Either your recorder is damaged or you might need a firmware update (this really helps for recorder of a certain brand!).


Nero needs some detailled information (like the read speed, the command set and so on) about a CD ROM drive to be able to use it as input device. Drive parameters can be automatically detected by Nero.


Operating system specific questions

1.	Windows 95

There are no known operating system specific problems

2.	Windows NT 4.0

•	I don't have a Winaspi for NT. Where do I get it?

Please contact the manufacturer of the SCSI-Adapter you are using to get the latest version.

•	I don't find the Nero Multi Mounter, when I select the properties in the Explorer

On NT some system specific files can only be installed by the admnistrator of your PC. This also applies to the Mounter. Please ask your System Admnistrator to install Nero again under his login.

3.	Windows 3.1x

•	I don't have a Winaspi for 3.1x. Where can I get it?

Please contact the manufacturer of the SCSI-Adapter you are using to get the latest version.


Recorders supported by Nero

·	ACER CR-1420C, CDW6206A, CRW 620, CRW 622

·	Actima ARW-4420

·	AOpen CDW620, CRW622, CRW9420, CR1420C

·	BTC BCE 621IE

·	CalDigital CDR4x12

·	Caravelle CDR-N820S

·	Creative CD-RW RW 2024E

·	Cyberdrive CDRW602

·	Delta CDE6121, ODR6121, ODE-8141, OME-W141

·	Dynatek CDRW-426, CDE260R

·	Dysan  CRW426, CRW-620, CR-622, CR-1420C, CRW-1426, CRW-1622, CDRW-2216

·	Grundig CDR 100 IPW

·	Hightech CD-R1002, CD-R2004, CD-R2006, CD-R2006PLUS, CD-R4006, CD-R426

·	HP CD-Writer 4020, 6020,C4324/C4325, 7100, 7110, 7200, 7220, 8100, 8110

·	Hi-Vval 2x6x2 Rewriteable, CDU928E, H2242

·	Philips IMS CDD2000, CDD2600, CDD3610, CDD3600, Omniwriter26, Omniwriter 26a, Omniwriter International, PCA267CR, PCA350RW,  PCA362RW. PCA363RW, VersaWriter 3100

·	JCCOM JCD-62RW

·	JCI JCD-62RW, CDRW-622

·	JVC XR-W2010, XR-W2020, XR-W2022, XR-W2040, XR-W2042, XR-R2626, XR-2060, XR-W2080, XR-2082

·	Kodak PCD225, CDR-240, 2600, 2801 IDE

·	Lite-On LTR-511

·	Matshita CW-7502, CW 7582

·	Maxoptix CDRW-680

·	Memorex CR-622, CRW-620, CRW-1622, CRW-2216, CRW-2642, CRW-4216

·	Mitsubishi CDRW226, CDVR2X6, CDVR4, CDVR4x4, CDR4x12, CDVR

·	Mitsumi CD-R CR-2200CS, CD-R CR-2201CS, CD-R CR-2401TS, CR-2600TE, CR-2800TE, CR-2801TE, CR-4801TE

·	MMagic MCR-265

·	Nomai 680RW

·	Oaktech OTI-975 Socrates

·	Ocean RW260

·	Olympus CDS615E, CDS620S, CDS630E

·	Optima CD-R 650, CD-R 1300

·	OTI-975 Socrates

·	Panasonic CW-7502, CW-7582

·	Pinnacle RCD 4X4, RCD 4x12, RCD5020, RCD5040, RCDW 226

·	Pioneer CD-WO DW-S114X

·	Plasmon CDR480, CDR4220

·	Plextor CD-R PX-R24CS, PX-R412C, PX-R820T, CD-R PX-W4220

·	Ricoh RO-1420C, MP6200A, MP6200S, MP6201S, MP6211S, MP7040

·	Smart & Friendly CD-R426 SCSI, CD-R426 IDE, CD-R2004, CD-R2006, CD-R2006PLUS, CD-R2006 PRO, CD-R2224 Pro, CD-R4006, CD-R4012, CD-R426, CD-RW226, CRD-R800S, CD-Turbo Writer

·	Samsung CD-R/RW SCW-230

·	Sony CDU920S, CDU924S, CDU926S, Spressa 960S/9611S, CDU928E, CDU948S, ROX5004, CRX-100E

·	Teac CD-R50S-000, CD-R55S, CDR-56S

·	That's Write! FastX CD Recorder 8x20x, 820S

·	Traxdata CDRW 4260,CDRW 4260 PRO, CDRW 2260 PRO, CDRW 2260+, CDRW 4120

·	USDrives CDRW62D

·	Verbatim MCA-CDRW 226

·	Vuego CDW6206A

·	Waitek WT2036EI, WT2036, WT412, WT2422EI, WT4046, WT4046EXT, WT4046EI, WT624, WT820, WT1644

·	Wearnes CDR-622, CDRW-622, CDRW-642e, CDR-432, CDR-632P

·	Yamaha CDR100, CDR102, CDR200, CDR2260, CDR4001, CDR400, CDR401, CRW4216E, CRW4216S, CDR4260, CDR4261, CRW2216E, CRW2216S, CRW4416E, CRW4416S

Note: IDE CD recorders are not supported by Nero under Win  3.1.

Important: If your CD recorder doesn't appear on the list above, please visit our web site. The list of CD recorders supported by Nero is regularly updated.


SCSI-Adapters supported by Nero

•	Adaptec	AHA 1505, AHA 1520, AHA 1542 CP, AHA 2920, AHA 2940, AHA 3940W

•	AdvanSys ABP-930

•	Aresys AP-500

•	Bus Logic Flash Point LTKT-930

•	CMD CSA-6520

•	Dawicontrol CD-2974

•	EXSys EX-2021, EX-2201

•	Initio INI-9100

•	Symbios Logic Sym 8150S


Context-sensitive Help

This version of Nero offers you comprehensive context-sensitive help as the first level of online-help.

If you need help or more information about a certain topic in Nero you just

-  click on the icon  [image]  (for context-sensitive help), then

-  click on the topic. As a result

- the help window will be opened showing more details about the selected topic.

If you press F1 you also get context-sensitive help about the active object (the object that has the focus on it). This is a deviation from the Windows standard but nevertheless useful.

In Windows 95 & WINDOWS NT 4.0 it is also possible to get help about objects (e.g. icons) that are not activated with either the  [image]  icon or F1.


Support provided by ahead

Interesting links:

•	ahead home page

•	Online-Purchase

•	Updates

•	Firmware for CD Recorders

For support inquiries or technical problems, please contact us:

E-Mail:	support@ahead.de

Address:	ahead software gmbh, im stoeckmaedle 6, 76307 karlsbad, germany

Fax: 	++49 724 891 1888

Please contact us if you have any technical questions or problems with Nero. Don't forget to state basic information which helps us upfront to evaluate your request:

•	Model of your computer:

•	Operating system (including revision number):

•	Processor:

•	RAM:

•	Version of Nero and serial number:

•	Other premastering software installed?:

•	Model of your SCSI Adapter:

•	Winaspi.dll (model/revision number):

•	Wnaspi32.dll (model/revision number):

•	apix.vxd only for Win 95

•	atapi.sys only for Win NT

•	For Win NT: Aspi32.sys  (model/revision number):

•	Bios-revision number:

•	Model of your recorder:

•	Firmware version of your recorder:

•	Hard disk (IDE or SCSI?):

•	Please describe the problem you had:


Confirm your selection and leave this window with OK.


Discard your selection and leave this window with Cancel.


General options which apply to all windows of Nero.

You can define that Nero

- always starts with a new CD-Compilation.

- always starts with a Nero File Browser.

To activate these options please immediately restart Nero.

The Windows 95 Shell Icons can be turned on and off without restarting Nero.   *A4.1*


If the option Start with new compilation is activated, Nero will always display the dialogue for new CD-Compilation when it is started.   *A4.2*


If the option Start with File Browser is activated, Nero will always display a File Browser Window when it is started.   *A4.4*


If the Shell Icons are actived you will get the Windows Shell Icons for all files. If you deactivate this option you will get simplified icons only. Data access might be faster with simplified icons.

This option applies to Windows 95 only.   *A4.3*


If you have made changes on the property sheet/s and want to leave this dialogue press OK. All changes will be saved.


If you have made changes and now decided that you want to cancel them, press Cancel.


If you have made changes on the upmost property sheet and want  to save and activate them immediately, press Apply.


Settings for the Nero-cache.

With this cache you can optimize the dataflow for the burnprocess of the CD: Especially if you have a majority of small files it is likely that the burn process gets interrupted with the result of a ruined CD that is not even readable any more.

The continuous supply of files can also be limited through other influences like high CPU load or a highly frequented network. If you have more than one hard disk installed you should put the cache on the faster one.   *A5.1*


Path where you want to put the Nero-Cache.   *A5.2*


Path where you want to put the Nero-Cache.   *A5.3*


You can select where you wish to put your cache if you don't agree to the preselected suggestion.   *A5.4*


This drive/s of your hard disks will be tested on access speed.   *A5.5*


This is the result of the speed test   *A5.6*


Free capacity on tested drive/s.   *A5.7*


If your computer has more than one drive you should test which is the fastest drive to put your cache onto it.

Network drives are not considered in this test as they normally are not suitable for caching.   *A5.8*


Press this button to start the speed test.   *A5.9*


You can reserve a minimum of space that won't be touched by the cache you defined in this dialogue. Up to this size the cache is allowed to use all free disc space on your harddisk.   *A5.10*


Enter the number for the minimum of reserved space here (in MB).   *A5.11*


Measurement for the minimum of untouched space.   *A5.12*


Enter abbreviations for strings that are used in the files and folders of your compilation to replace the original strings.   *A6.1*


Enter the string to be replaced here.   *A6.2*


Enter the replacement/abbreviation here.   *A6.3*


Enter the string to be replaced here.   *A6.4*


Enter the replacement/abbreviation here.   *A6.5*


This listbox shows the already entered strings and their replacements.   *A6.6*


Enter a string and its abbreviation and press Insert. The text will be added to the list of abbreviations below. Already existing strings and abbreviations will be rejected.   *A6.7*


Select a string and its abbreviation in the listbox. Press Delete. The text will disappear from the list of valid abbreviations.   *A6.8*


If you want to replace an existing abbreviation with a new value you have to either enter the original string and the new abbreviation in the data entry field or simply select the existing string in the list. Then press Change. The old abbreviation will be replaced with the new one.   *A6.9*


You can select a language for Nero from this list of available languages.

The active language is highlighted. Nero-text will be displayed in this language, system dialogues will always be displayed in the language of your operating system.

If you want to change the language please close all Nero windows first.   *A7.1*


List of available languages.

The active language is selected. Nero-text will be displayed in this language, system dialogues will always be displayed in the language of your operating system.

If you want to change the language you  first have to close all Nero windows.   *A7.2*


Recorder Selection

Here you find all a list of connected recorders and the image recorder with detailed information about them.

! The recorders must be turned on before you start Nero.

The image recorder allows you to save your compilation to an image file that can be used later.   *B1.1*


Here you see a list of all connected recorders and the image recorder. If you select this recorder the compilation will be saved to an image file that can be used later. You will get prompted to enter a filename.

! The recorders must be turned on before you start Nero.  *B1.2*


This column shows the assigned SCSI-IDs for the recorders.  *B1.3*


This column shows the names of the assigned adapters. Should you need to check on their assignments go to the Device Manager in System Properties.   *B1.4*


This column shows the numbers of the assigned adapters. Should you need to check on the installed adapters and their assigned SCSI-devices go to the Windows System Options.   *B15*


List of available Recorders

Here you find all a list of connected recorders and the image recorder with detailed information about them.

Select the recorder you would like to connect and confirm with OK.

Note: The image recorder allows you to save your compilation to an image file that really contains all files and folders of your compilation. Make sure you have enough disk space. This image file can be used later.
So if you want to create an image file you do the same as if you would write to a real recorder, just that the output is routed to a file.
Later if you decided to burn that file to a CD you use the menu File/Burn Image.

! The recorders must be turned on before you start Nero.   *B1.6*


More information about the selected recorder.

! The recorders must be turned on before you start Nero.   *B1.7*


The maximum write speed of the selected recorder.   *B1.8*


The maximum write speed of the selected recorder.   *B1.9*


The firmware revision number of the recorder.   *B1.10*


The firmware revision number of the recorder.   *B1.11*


With Disc-At-Once - a special writing mode - all tracks will be written to the CD without the usual 2 second gaps in between. Not all recorders do support this mode.   *B1.12*


With Disc-At-Once - a special writing mode - all tracks will be written to the CD without the usual 2 second gaps in between. Not all recorders do support this mode.   *B1.13*


This recorder supports simulating the write process.   *B1.14 *


This recorder supports simulating the write process.   *B1.15*


After you have selected a recorder confirm and leave this dialogue with OK.


If you want to cancel your selection or don’t want to make any changes use Cancel to leave the dialogue.


CD Info Dialogue

This dialogue gives you detailed information about the inserted CD (in the recorder).   *B2.1*


This icon tells you which kind the format or type the inserted CD. *B2.0*


Type (format) of the inserted CD.   *B2.2*


Type (format) of the inserted CD.   *B2.3*


Kind of CD, e.g. a CD-Recordable.   *B2.4*


Kind of CD, e.g. a CD-Recordable.   *B2.5*


Total capacity of the inserted CD in MM:SS.Frames (minutes, seconds, 1/75 Sec) and size in MB.   *B2.6*


Total capacity of the inserted CD in MM:SS.Frames (minutes, seconds, 1/75 Sec).   *B2.7*


Total capacity of the inserted CD in size in MB.   *B2.8*


Available capacity of the inserted CD in MM:SS.Frames (minutes, seconds, 1/75 Sec) and size in MB.   *B2.9*


Available capacity of the inserted CD in MM:SS.Frames (minutes, seconds, 1/75 Sec).   *B2.10*


Available capacity of the inserted CD in MB.   *B2.11*


Number of existing sessions.   *B2.12*


Number of existing sessions. Each compilation creates another session. The minimum size of each session is one track, but a session can have more than one track.   *B2.13*


Number of written tracks. The maximum number of tracks on a CD is 99.   *B2.14*


Number of written tracks. The maximum number of tracks on a CD is 99.   *B2.15*


Sorry, not yet supported.   *B2.16*


Sorry, not yet supported.   *B2.17*


Sorry, not yet supported.   *B2.18*


Sorry, not yet supported.   *B2.19 *


Existing sessions. Each compilation creates another session. The minimum size of each session is one track, but a session can have more than one track.   *B2.21*


Listnumber of tracks over all sessions. The tracks can be of a different type e.g. Audio-CD-tracks, CD-ROM-tracks etc.   *B2.22*


Shows the type of the track like Audio or Data.   *B2.23*


Starting position of the tracks, measured in MM:SS.Frames (1/75 Sec.).   *B2.24*


Ending position of the track, measured in MM:SS.Frames (1/75 Sec.).   *B2.25*


Length of the track, measured in MM.SS.Frames (1/75 Sec.).   *B2.26*


Size of the track in MB.   *B2.27*


Listing of all written tracks and sessions on this CD with summary lines per session.   *B2.28*


Press this button to eject the CD.  *B2.29*


If you changed the inserted CD it might be necessary to do a refresh to display the actual data of this CD.  *B2.30*


If you want to leave this dialogue press OK. *B2.31*


If you choose (by clicking) an Audio track in the window, you get the option to choose only this title, to save it temporary and to add further titles from other Audio's, too. So you can burn your own Audio. When an Audio-track in the above window is selected it will be saved as a WAV-file when button is pressed. Here you input the name under which these sound files should be stored. Default is track + chosen track number (from window) and „.WAV“. You can choose another name. :WAV will be added by NERO. If you save your Audio files the following windows will show you the remaining time,  % completed and the succesful copy - or not.   *B2.32*


Burning your compilation

On this property sheet you find all steps of the burn process:

- the test on access speed

- a simulation of the burn process, and

- the burn process itself

- and the finalization of the CD.

Also you can set cache options for Nero to optimize the write speed.

Details about the steps are displayed in their associated help. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no features to modify. *D1.0*


This speed test accesses the files and folders of your compilation and finds the slowest source speed.  If the default write speed of the recorder is faster than the determined slowest source speed, the recording speed will be automatically adjusted to the lower value.   *D1.1*


Here you choose the steps you would like to run one after the other until the final write and finalize step. You can also run the steps one by one, but we rather recommend to run them in a row. Only then the next step will take over the results of the last step.

Example: You run the speed test and the simulation, the determined speed is 2x. At a later point you run the write step separately without running the other two steps (speed test and simulation) again. In this case the default write speed of the recorder will be used, and this might in many cases be a faster one than the determined speed. It is very likely that this write process leads into a buffer underrun.   *D1.12*


The simulation does a check on several technical aspects of the CD burning process, e.g. if the CD is ready, already finalized etc. The complete burn process is simulated. the only difference to the read time burn process is that the laser is turned off. The simulation won't change the CD.   *D1.2*


If the simulation ran successfully and you checked the box for Write, the CD will be written (actually ‘burned’) with the same speed. If you want to copy a CD it will finalized automatically. *D1.3*


If you check this box as well, the CD will be finalized, i.e. you can’t write further sessions onto this CD. If you want to copy a CD it will finalized automatically. *D1.4*


Here you can change the write speed. But normally you should run the speed test and a simulation before actually writing the CD, so you get the right speed put into this field automatically. If you have renounced these prior tests, the maximum possible write speed of the recorder is put into this field as default.

! Once as speed has been tested successfully you should not change it to a faster value as this might lead into errors.   *D1.5*


The maximum possible write speed of the recorder is put into this field as default. You can change this write speed.

Normally you should run the speed test and a simulation before actually burning the CD, so you get the right speed put into this field automatically. If you renounced these prior tests the maximum possible write speed of the recorder is kept in this field as default.

! Once a speed has been tested successfully you should not change it to a faster value as this might lead into errors.   *D1.7*


If you enter a number other than 1 the compilation will be written to that number of CDs. You have to insert one CD after the other.   *D1.6*


If you enter a number other than 1 the compilation will be written to that number of CDs. You have to insert one CD after the other.   *D1.8*


These options provide the use of a cache for critical files and folders to ensure a constant flow of data during the write process. If you select one or both of these options the files concerned will be put to a cache before the other steps of the write process start.

In the Nero PREFERENCES on the property sheet Cache you can define which drive you wish to utilize for caching. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no options to modify.   *D1.13*


If your compilation contains files or folders from a slow network or on the floppy disk it is useful to write these files to a cache. If you select this option these files will be put to a cache before the other steps of the write process start.

In the Nero PREFERENCES on the property sheet Cache you can define which drive you wish to utilize for caching. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no options to modify  *D1.9*


The default for this option is set to ON, because this cache is very likely to speed up your write process and makes it more secure.

In the Nero PREFERENCES on the property sheet Cache you can define which drive you wish to utilize for caching. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no options to modify  *D1.10*


If your compilation contains lots of small files the access time will probably be much longer than with a few bigger files. Therefore we recommend that you use this cache for small files up to a certain size to increase the chances of a continuos write process. If you select this option these files will be put to a cache before the other steps of the write process start. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no options to modify  *D1.11*


Enter the number for a filesize here (in KB). All files smaller than this size will be cached. If you want to copy a CD there are naturally no options to modify  *D1.11*


General information about the contents of the active compilation (selected files and folders to be burned on the CD), the total size, data structure etc.   *D3.0*


Size of selected object/s in bytes.   *D3.3*


Size of selected object/s in bytes.   *D3.4*


Number of files and folders of the selected item.   *D3.5*


Number of files and folders of the selected item.   *D3.6*


This is the date when the selected object was created.   *D3.7*


This is the date when the selected object was created.   *D3.8*


This is the date of the last change of the selected object.   *D3.9*


This is the date of the last change of the selected object.   *D3.10*


Notes if this compilation has ever been written.   *D3.11*


Notes if this compilation has ever been written.   *D3.12*


If you choose this options the file won’t be visible on your CD.

If you have more objects selected and at least one object is marked as hidden, the checkbox will appear grey.   *D3.13*


You can select the priority in what order files will be written onto the CD. There are three values available. The default is Low.   *D3.14*


You can select the priority in what order files will be written onto the CD. There are three values available. The default is Low.   *D3.15*


This dialogue New Compilation consists of three main parts:

On the left side you select the type of CD you want to burn, e.g.

a CD-ROM
an Audio-CD or
a CD-Copy.

In the middle part the upmost property sheet is about dataoptions, relating to the type of CD you selected. All these options can be modified at a later stage if necessary. (For your information: In the copy-mode there are naturally no options.)

On the right side you can confirm your selection/s by

using „New“ or
using „Enter“ or
using „CD-Copy“ or
using „Cancel“ or
using „Open“ at an already existing compilation.
(Open is naturally not possible at „CD-Copy“ because all the items of the original-CD will be copied.....).   *D3.16*


On the left box you select the type of CD you want to burn, e.g.

•     a CD-ROM (ISO)or
•    a CD-ROM (boot) or

•    a CD-ROM (Hybrid) or

•    an Audio-CD or

•    a Mixed Mode CD or

•    a CD-Copy with Mixed Mode CDs, Video CDs, Audio CD, CD-ROM

„CD-Copy“ copies all informations without possibility of changing any data.

! An indication to the „copyright“ will appear if data are protected.
      In this case it is only allowed to copy these data for your own.

If you are missing the copy icon in the box "new compilation" you have to choose your real recorder - but not the image recorder. Please start your recorder everytime before starting Windows.

You see different document types here:

- if you are in the FILE> NEW dialogue
you can select whether you would like to create an CD-ROM or an Audio-CD

- if you are in the FILE> COMPILATION INFO dialogue or

- if you are in the FILE> WRITE CD dialogue
you see the icon for the chosen CD-format of your compilation

- if you are in the FILE> BURN IMAGE dialogue
the icon for CD-Image is displayed.    *D3.17*


This button can have two different values:

If it says Open you leave this dialogue and the Open Dialogue will prompt you to select an already existing compilation.

If it says CD-Info you are in Burn CD Dialogue. At this stage it might be interesting to check your inserted CD again. Press CD-Info and you get to the CD-Info Dialogue.    *D3.18*


Volume Descriptor

Most of this section is for advanced users.

The volume label is the only value that is a must. All others are optional and therefore left blank as default.

You can save information about the CD (respective session) that will be saved in the volume descriptor. The volume descriptor is found on the beginning of each session and contains the datastructure and other optional information like publisher, a copyright note etc.

The volume descriptor uses special charactersets that are defined in the ISO 9660 Standard. ISO 9660 is the international standard for the logical data structure on a CD-ROM. ISO 9660 defines amongst other things the allowed charactersets:

• The a-characters comprise

capital letters from A to Z,

digits from  0 to 9, and

the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank)

• The d-characters comprise

capital letters from A to Z,

digits from  0 to 9, and

the special character _ (underscore)

You find more information about charactersets in the Nero-manual.   *D2.0*


Volume label of the CD (respective session)

If you start a new compilation the default value is New.

You should change this name as it is used in the compilation Info and later on the CD as its name. Maximal length is 32 characters of the d-characterset.

The d-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the special character _ (underscore).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.17*


Volume label of the CD (respective session)

If you start a new compilation the default value of the volume label is New. You should change this name as it is used in the compilation Info and later on the CD as its name. Maximal length is 32 characters of the d-characterset.

The d-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the special character _ (underscore).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.18*


Optional entry about the operating system on which the CD will be used.
Max. 32 characters of the a-characterset.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.1*


Optional entry about the operating system on which the CD will be used.
Max. 32 characters of the a-characterset.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.

In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.2*


Optional name of a set of CDs to create a logical unity.
Max. 128 characters of the d-characterset.

The d-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the special character _ (underscore).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.3*


Optional name of a set of CDs to create a logical unity.
Max. 128 characters of the d-characterset.

The d-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the special character _ (underscore).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.4*


Optional name of the publisher of this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8+3 rule. The a-characterset applies to the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.5*


Optional name of the publisher of this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies for the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.6*


Optional name of the person who prepared the data for this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies for the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.7*


Optional name of the person who prepared the data for this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies for the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.8*


Optional name of the application (if used) that prepared the data for this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8+3 rule. The a-characterset applies for the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.9*


Optional name of the application (if used) that prepared the data for this CD.

You can either enter
- a string with max. 128 characters of the a-characterset or
- a filename. The filename must start with underscore ( _ ) and follows the 8 + 3 rule separated by a period (.). The a-charactersets applies for the filename including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.10*


Optional copyright note.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.11*


Optional copyright note.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.12*


Optional file that contains an abstract of the contents of the CD.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule separated by a period (.). The a-charactersets applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.13*


Optional file that contains an abstract of the contents of the CD.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.14*


Optional file that contains bibliographic information if needed.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.15*


Optional file that contains bibliographic information if needed.

You can enter a filename that follows the 8 + 3 rule. The a-characterset applies including underscore and period. The file must be placed in the root directory of the CD.

The a-characters comprise capital letters from A to Z, digits from  0 to 9, and the following special characters: "&!%´)(=*+,-/:;><?_. (blank).

! Should you change the characterset at a later stage it is possible that some characters get converted (e.g. the German Umlaut Ä will be converted to AE), resulting in a longer filename that possibly exceeds the allowed length according to the ISO Standard.
In this case the rule is: The first four characters remains untouched. Starting from the fifth character the amount of characters that exceed the allowed length will be cut out. E.g. a conversion of the filename börning_rom.txt in ISO level 1 results in BOER_ROM.TXT.   *D2.16*


The property sheet Data Options contains three main parts:

- In the first part you select the ISO 9660 Standard Level (1 or 2)

- in the middle part you can choose a characterset other than only ISO.

- the third part offers some options to allow some relaxation of the strict ISO standard rules.   *D4.0*


In File- and Directorynames Length you choose the ISO 9660 Standard Level to be used for this CD.

ISO Level 1 allows only 8+3 characters in uppercase for a filename. The only special character allowed is underscore ( _ ). Directory names may not include extensions.

Default is Level 2 that allows a maximum of 31 characters.

Nero converts all files and folders automatically according to this selection.   *D4.5*


ISO Level 1 restricts:

- the directory name to max. 8 characters

- the filenames to max.  8 characters followed by a period and an extension with 3 characters (8+3 rule).

Consider if you use Windows 3.x or DOS. In this case we recommend to select this level. If you use Windows 95, Level 2 gives you better possibilities.

But in the end it always depends on the host that will run the CD.   *D4.1*


ISO Level 2 allows

- max. 31 characters for the directory name as well as the filename.

Consider if you use Windows 95. In this case we recommend to select this level. If you use Windows 3.x or DOS, you rather select Level 1.

But in the end it always depends on the host that will run the CD.   *D4.2*


Select a characterset.

In addition to the ISO 9660 possibilities Nero allows ASCII and DOS. If you select DOS you get e.g. the special language characters like the German Umlaut. For more detailed information please refer to the manual.  *D4.10*


The default selection for a characterset is ISO 9660.   *D4.3*


If you wish to use the DOS characterset please click here. For more detailed information please refer to the manual.   *D4.4*


If you wish to use the ASCII characterset please click here. For more detailed information please refer to the manual.   *D4.7*


If the Microsoft defined "Joliet" (only for Windows NT and Windows 95!, -other operating systems (e.g. MAC) are not in the position to use it ) is activated, second parallel complete directory structure in UNICODE is created. It is  important to know the receiver of the CD. In "Joliet", file and directory names are allowed up to 64 characters long. There are no restructions in directory depth, the typeface is extended. (The (first) ISO 9660 directory structure is created according to the ISO-9660-Standard. In the case that no Joliet rule is applicable, the ISO-9660-Standard takes precedence. For exact Joliet information see: Joliet CD-ROM Recording Specification/ISO 9660:1988, Extension for UNICODE, Version 1, May 22, 1995. Contact address: Microsoft Developer Relations Group.   *D4.11*


You can relax the strict ISO standard for the pathdepth.

This will increase the speed of the complete burn process, but your compilation won’t be tested whether it meets the standard. For more information regarding this checkbox refer to the manual.   *D4.6*


Allow a pathdepth of more than 8 levels. If you don’t select this option, the maximum of 8 levels (according to the ISO Standard) will be used. You can check on your pathdepths and levels of hierarchy with the Nero File Browser or the Explorer.

! Only if you don’t selected this option your data will be checked. In case of more than 8 levels you will be prompted for further actions.   *D4.8*


Allow more than 255 characters in a filename including its path. If you don’t select this option, the maximum of 255 characters (according to the ISO Standard) will be used. You can check on your filename with the Nero File Browser or the Explorer.

! Only if you don’t select this option your data will be checked. In case of more than 255 characters you will be prompted for further actions.   *D4.9*


What’s the status of your burn process?

This dialogue appears after you have selected and confirmed the actions on the Write CD dialogue.

Depending on the selections made in the middle part you see a listbox showing the status of all steps and their results. The %-bar tells you the progress of the active step..   *D5.1*


You can cancel the process by clicking on Cancel.

The actual burn process is excluded from this possibility, as we don’t want you to ruin your CD by interrupting a already started burn process.


Date- and time-settings of the files and folders of your compilation are displayed here. If needed they can be modified.   *D7.0*


Information about the dates of the files and folders of the compilation.   *D7.15*


In this row the date and time of the creation of the compilation are displayed.   *D7.3*


The date of the creation of the compilation.   *D7.4*


The time (of the date in the field next to this one) of the creation of the compilation.   *D7.5*


In this row the date and time of the last change of the compilation are displayed.   *D7.6*


The date of the last change of the compilation.   *D7.7*


The time (of the date in the field next to this one) of the last change of the compilation.   *D7.8*


Date and time can be set when the CD will be effective i.e. can be read. In depends though on the future operating system, whether this option is applied or not.   *D7.9*


Enter a date when the CD will be effective.   *D7.10*


Enter a time (of the date in the field next to this one) when the CD will be effective.   *D7.11*


Until this date and time the CD can be read.   *D7.12*


Until this date the CD can be read.   *D7.13*


Until this time (of the date in the field next to this one) the CD can be read. In depends though on the future operating system, whether this option is applied or not.   *D7.14*


The files of the compilation should be written with the following dates.   *D7.16*


Select this option if you want to keep the original file date and time. This is the default.   *D7.17*


Select this option if you want to change the original file date and time to todays’ date and time.   *D7.18*


Select this option if you like to choose another file date and time for the files of your compilation.   *D7.19*


Enter the new date here..  *D7.1*


Enter the time for the date you entered here.   *D7.2*


Enter the new date here.   *D7.20*


Enter the time for the date you entered here.   *D7.21*


This button will change its value as follows:

- If the button value is New you are in the FILE> NEW dialogue  A new compilation window will be opened according to the selections you made in this dialogue.

- If the button value is OK you are in the FILE> COMPILATION INFO dialogue. You confirm the options that are set for the actual compilation. If you just made changes to these options they will be saved.

- If the button value is either
              Speed Test,
              Simulate or
              Write
              CD-Copy
... you are in the FILE> WRITE CD dialogue.
The button tells you which option you selected. Write can either write to the CD-R or to an image file, depending on the selection you made in CD-Rekorder/Choose Recorder.
If you selected more than one option it will display the value of the last option.

!!! Copy CD

In the Copy-mode the upper button will change to „CD-Copy“.
„Open“ is naturally not possible at „CD-Copy“ because all the items of the original-CD will be copied......
The index card „burn“ appears.   *D3.16/*D7.22*


If you decided to leave this dialogue without saving the changes you just made use Cancel.   *D7.23*


This dialogue allows you to search on files and folders in your compilation.   *E1.1*


This is the Find Icon.  *E1.0*


You can search files and folders in your compilation by

Name:
enter a filename or string of the name you want to search for.

Size (in KB):
is smaller or equal, or is larger or equal means that you search Files compared to this filesize.

File:
written - not written can be searched on as a flag.   *E1.2*


Select a criteria according to the first choice of your find statement.   *E1.3*


Enter a string of the filename you would like to find.  *E1.4*


Respect upper/lower case?   *E1.5*


You start the search process by clicking on Find.   *E1.6*


You can cancel the search process by clicking on Cancel.    *E1.7*


Neros main menu bar.

This menu bar follows the Windows terminology, -keys and -symbols.

You can open any menu by clicking on it or use the key combination Crtl + underlined character.

To open a submenu you can use the key combination Crtl + underlined character or you can enter the underlined character of the submenu name in case the main menu is already pulled down.   *M1.0*


New command (File menu)

If you click on FILE> NEW a new CD-compilation will be started.

The property sheet Data Options will be presented upmost where you choose the data format and characterset.

You can select if you would like to prepare a CD-ROM, an Audio-CD or CD-Copy by just clicking on their symbols.  *M1.1*


Compilation Info command (File menu)

If you click on FILE> COMPILATION INFO the property sheet Info will appear where you see details about the compilation like the total size, the date of creation etc.

You can also select one of the other sheets of the property page at any time to check or change options.   *M1.6*


Refresh Compilation command (File menu)

This command will update your compilation under the following condition:

If in the original place files and folders have been added to a folder you used in the compilation, this folder will be updated with the new files.  This does not apply for deleted files. A refresh is always done automatically if you open an existing compilation.   *M1.7*


Write CD command (File menu)

If you click on FILE> WRITE CD the property sheet Burn will appear where you select the steps for testing the process until the final writing and finalizing of the CD.
This is also where you create an image file that can be burned later if you selected the image recorder in the menu CD-Recorder/Choose Recorder.

Here again you can check and change all options set for this compilation on the other property sheets.   *M1.8*


CD Copy (File new)

CD Copy (from the menu File new) will show you the box for copying a whole CD. By pressing it appears the index card for copying. *M1.80*


Burn Image command (File menu)

If you click on FILE> BURN IMAGE the open dialogue will appear where you can select an existing image file and burn it to a CD-R.

Note: To create an image file please follow these steps:
- Select the image recorder in the menu CD-Recorder/Choose recorder.
- Create your compilation with drag and drop.
- Go to the menu File/Write CD and click on the option Write. Confirm with the Write button.  You will be asked to enter a file name for this image file.

This image file contains real copies of the selected files and folders, therefore needs the same amount of space as the original files.   *M1.81*


Preferences command (File menu)

If you click on FILE> PREFERENCES you set your default options for Nero like e.g. the language or the Nero-cache.

These options apply to all windows of Nero. For some options you need to do a restart, which is indicated on their property sheets and in the help.   *M1.9*


Select all command (Edit menu)

This function selects all files and folders of the active window.   *M2.6*


Delete command (Edit menu)

With this command you can delete files and folders from the compilation.   *M2.5*


Invert Selection command (Edit menu)

If you have some files and folders already selected, this function reverses the active selection.   *M2.7*


Properties command (Edit menu)

The result of this command changes depending on the active object.

If the File Browser or a compilation window is active you get summarized information about all files and folders of either window.

If you have a certain file or folder selected, you get more detailed information, e.g. you can set the priority for the write process of a file here.   *M2.8*


Add File command (Edit menu)

This is another comfortable possiblity to add files to your compilation. The standard Open dialogue will be presented on which you can search and select files, which then will be added to the active compilation.    *M2.9*


Create Folder command (Edit menu)

Should you need to reorganize your compilation it is likely that you need new folders. With this function a new folder is inserted which has the name New by default. Should you like to change this name just double-click on New and you can enter it.   *M2.10*


Find command (Edit menu)

You can search files in your active compilation using different criteria like a string of the filename etc.   *M2.11*


File Browser command (View menu)

Actually opens a Nero-File Browser.   *M3.3*


Original command (View menu)

If you choose this view your files and folders in the compilation will be displayed with their original names the same way as they are displayed in the operating system.   *M3.4*


ISO 9660 command (View menu)

You can display the files and folders of the compilation according to the selected  characterset for conversion - ISO 9660, DOS or ASCII.

More detailed information about the rules for conversion can be found in the manual.   *M3.5*


By Name command (View menu)

The files and folders of your compilation will be displayed in alphabetical order. *M3.6*


By Type command (View menu)

The files and folders of your compilation will be displayed in an alphabetical order of the type of file. Only applicable in the File Browser.   *M3.7*


By Size command (View menu)

The files and folders of your compilation will be displayed according to their size. Only applicable in the File Browser.   *M3.8*


By Date command (View menu)

The files and folders of your compilation will be displayed according to their date of creation. Only applicable in the File Browser.   *M3.9*


By Position command  (View menu)

The files and folders of your compilation will be displayed in the original order, you could also call this unsorted. Only applicable in the File Browser.   *M3.10*


Choose Recorder command (CD-Recorder menu)

Opens a selection window with all connected recorders.

! If you select the image recorder, your compilation will be written to an Image-File.   *M4.1*


CD-Info command (CD-Recorder menu)

Here lots of useful information about the inserted CD is displayed.   *M4.2*


Eject CD command (CD-Recorder menu)

If you need to eject the CD manually.   *M4.3*


Help Topics command (Window menu)

Shows the available online-help.   *M6.1*


Main window of Nero.

You can open as many CD- and File Browser windows here as you need..

Use the following menus:

FILE> NEW or

FILE> OPEN, and for the File Browser

VIEW> NEW FILE BROWSER

or the corresponding icons in the taskbar.


The Nero File Browser.

You now have activated the Nero File Browser.

This File Browser follows the functionality of the Windows Explorer very closely. You can view the hierarchy of all files you would like to access, and you can simply use drag & drop to move files and folders from the File Browser into your compilation .


Audio-CD-Compilation

You are now in an Audio-CD-Compilation.

Audio files to be burned to a CD have to meet the CD-quality (44,1 kHz and 16 bit stereo), and they have to be in the dataformat .WAV.

Again use drag & drop to move them into your compilation. These Audio files can even be played here if your PC is equipped with a sound card and speakers.

Use FILE> WRITE CD to continue with writing the CD.  *AU1.0*


CD-ROM Compilation

You are now in a CD-ROM compilation.

Use drag & drop to move any kind of datafile into this compilation.

Use FILE> WRITE CD to continue with writing the CD.


Assuming that you have a soundcard and loudspeakers or a headphone you can select one or more audio tracks and play them by pressing Play.  *AU1.1*


Press here to Stop the rendering.  *AU1.2*


Displays the length of the selected and running audio track in minutes:seconds:frames.   *AU1.3*


Displays the length of the selected and running audio track in minutes:seconds:frames.   *AU1.4*


Displays the number of the selected and running audio track.   *AU1.5*


Displays the number of the selected and running audio track.   *AU1.6*


The pathdepthtest checks your compilation whether

- it has more than the allowed 8 levels of the ISO 9660 standard, or whether

- it has more than 255 characters in a filename including the path.

You will be prompted for further action according to the options you choose.   *P0*


Explanation for the path test.   *P1*


This listbox displays a path (or more) that either

- has more than the allowed 8 levels or

- has more than 255 characters in a filename including the path.   *P2*


The result of the pathtest is, that one of the two cases was found in the hierarchy of your compilation.

If you don’t want to allow a relaxation of the ISO 9660 Standard you have to click on this option. The process will then be stopped here to give you the opportunity to rearrange your data.   *P3*


If you agree to relax the ISO 9660 Standard in this case press this button.  The chosen process will be continued.   *P4*


Nero tests the system option Auto insert notification which automatically notifies you if you change/insert a CD. If this option is active we suggest to turn it off, as a notification during the burn process will very likely cause an interrupt on the data flow to the CD-writer, which might lead into a ruined CD.   *I1*


Please follow the information on the screen.   *I3*


Please follow the information on the screen.   *I4*


If Nero is not installed with the driver NEROCD95.VXD you can install NEROCD95.VXD by activating this button + OK. Windows will be restarted, automatically. The button can't be activated, if the driver can't be found on the CD (why??). Than it is grey. *I4.1*


If you agree to turn the Auto insert notification off now please select this option. The option will be changed automatically and Windows will be restarted to apply the change immediately.   *I5*


If you prefer to exit Nero to e.g. check the system options yourself then select this option.   *I6*


If you don’t agree to turn the Auto insert notification off, select this option.

! Please be aware that this options can cause an interrupt in the burn process and therefore might lead to a ruined CD.   *I7*


Confirm your selection with OK.   *I2*


Personalize your copy of Nero!

Please enter your name, company and serial number here. You find the serial number in the packaging of Nero.   *L1*


Here we would like to give you some historical information about Nero, and the ‘burning’ Coliseum of Rome, which you see as our program icon :

It is important for us to mention that Nero who was emperor from 54 - 68 AD, according to our historians, has most likely not burned Rome but was accused for it in 64.

The Coliseum has not existed at his time because it was built 72 - 82 AD. It is also not known whether it has ever been burned down.

But somehow it is public opinion that Nero had something to do with burning Rome, and the Coliseum is only in very few cases known as a symbol for Paris or Ittersbach, so... ·     *L2*


Please follow the information on the screen.   *L3*


Please enter your name here. No rules apply.   *L4*


Please enter your name here. No rules apply.   *L5*


Please enter the name of your company here. No rules apply.   *L6*


Please enter the name of your company here. No rules apply.   *L7*


Please enter your serial number here. You find the serial number in the packaging of Nero. Don’t forget the hyphens.   *L8*


Please enter your serial number here. You find the serial number in the packaging of Nero.  Don’t forget the hyphens.   *L9*


Confirm your entries with OK.   *L10*


If you don’t want to continue entering your personal data here you can select Exit to leave Nero.   *L11*


This property sheet displays information about all tracks of your compilation.   *AI1.0*


Total size of all tracks in MM:SS.Frames (minutes:seconds.1/75 Sec.) and MB.   *AI1.1*


Total size of all tracks in MM:SS.Frames (minutes:seconds.1/75 Sec.) and MB.   *AI1.3*


Total number of tracks/files and folders in this compilation.   *AI1.4*


Total number of tracks in this compilation.   *AI1.5*


Here you can enter more details about your Audio-CD.

Please note that at the moment some of them can be written onto the CD, the other ones will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.0*


You can enter a title for your CD here.

This information will be written onto the CD if your recorder supports the feature "CD Text", otherwise it will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.1*


You can enter a title for your CD here.

This information will be written onto the CD if your recorder supports the feature "CD Text", otherwise it will be stored with your compilation for later reference.    *AI2.2*


You can enter one or more artists of the CD here.

This information will be written onto the CD if your recorder supports the feature "CD Text", otherwise it will be stored with your compilation for later reference.      *AI2.3*


You can enter one or more artists of the CD here.

This information will be written onto the CD if your recorder supports the feature "CD Text", otherwise it will be stored with your compilation for later reference.  *AI2.4*


You can enter a copyright note for CD here.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.5*


You can enter a copyright note for the CD here.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.6*


You can enter the producers’ name of the CD here.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.7*


You can enter the producers’ name of the CD here.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.8*


You can enter the European Product Code of the CD here (if available).

They can be write onto the CD depending on your CD Recorder capability.  *AI2.9*


You can enter the European Product Code of the CD here (if available).

They can be write onto the CD depending on your CD Recorder capability.     *AI2.10*


Enter the date when the UPC is valid.  *AI2.11*


Enter the date when the UPC is valid.  *AI2.12*


You can enter a comment about the CD.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.13*


You can enter a comment about the CD.

Please note that at the moment they won’t be put onto the CD but will be stored with your compilation for later reference.   *AI2.14*


Shows icon for the selected object (e.g. a compilation, file or folder).   *AI2.15*


Shows when the object was added to the compilation.   *AI2.16*


Shows when the object was added to the compilation.   *AI2.16*


Shows the path of the selected object.   *AI2.17*


Shows the path of the selected object.   *AI2.17*


Displays the name of the selected object.   *AI2.18*


Displays the original path of the selected object.   *AI2.19*


Displays the original path of the selected object.   *AI2.19*


Confirm your selection with OK.   *AI2.20*


If this file is a system file it is marked with  · .   *AI2.21*


If the attribute a for archive is set for this file it is marked with  · .   *AI2.22*


If this file is write protected it is marked with  · .   *AI2.23*


The listed attributes can be modified.   *AI2.25*


Size of the image file.   *F1*


Size of the image file.   *F2*


Path and name of the image file.   *F3*


Path and name of the image file.  *F4*


Number of tracks.   *F5*


The track has the displayed format.  *F6*


Size of the track.   *F7*


List of tracks of the image file.   *F8*


This property sheet displays information about all tracks of your image file. *F9*


According to the Image-File „Disk at once“ is activated ( · ) or not. You can change it. The advantage of DAO ( · ) is the better quality and the higher speed of burning. Nero recommends activating the DAO feature when burning an Audio CD. *F10*


You may use the writing mode "multisession", for example for incremental backups. A multisession CD allows files and folders not only to be recorded in different sessions at different times, until the CD is full, but also to be appended, deleted, and rewriten only if they have been changed.

If all the options in this property sheet are disabled, please make sure that you have not chosen the image recorder or that your recorder has been turned on before starting the operating system.

This property sheet contains two main parts

- in the first part you define if you want to create a new multisession CD, to add new sessions to your CD or simply write a CD-ROM (ISO).

- in the second part you can activate options for your compilation.

You may leave all the options with their default settings. Confirm your selection by clicking on the New button. The Select track window will open. *G11*


Please select this option, if you want to create a multisession CD from a blank disc or from a CD you have already started to record. In this case, the resulting CD will be a ISO CD with additional multisession information.*G12*


If you have already started recording a multisession CD and just want to continue the disc, please select this option. You may now activate the options of the second part of this property sheet to define whether files and folders should be added, deleted or replaced during the automatic refresh.*G13*


If you just want to record a ISO CD-ROM, please select this option. *G14*


Nero will replace the files existing on your CD, depending on which options you have activated: archive bit set, file date or length, or file content. *G15*


Each file has, under Windows, an archive bit, which is set by the operating system, if a file has been changed or modified. This bit is used by backup programms, which set the archive bit of a file to zero (0) each time it has been saved. If you activate the "archive bit" option , Nero will do the same. Therefore, this option is meaningful if you also use a backup programm.*G18*


Nero will only replace the files of which date or length have been modified.*G16*


This option is designed to compare, byte for byte, all the files recorded on your CD with the files in your operating system. Nero will automatically replace files if some differences have been detected. You may use this option if, for example, your computer displays an incorrect time.

Since every file will be read byte for byte, corrupted files on your CD will be also detected by Nero and replaced.*G17*


All the files and folders will be replaced, no matter if they have been changed or not. Since all files and folders will be physically rewriten, you may improve the reliablity of your backup. Disadvantage: you will loose space on your disc. However, from time to time, it might be useful to replace all files and folders.*G18*


If you activate the option, Nero will "delete" on your CD, files that don't exist anymore on your hard disc. They have been probably deleted since your last session. The pointer to these files's address will simply not be included in the directory of your new session: they seem to be erased. Only by using the Nero Multi Mounter you will be able to access them again, if you ever need them.*G19*


This option allows you to add, in your new session, files that have been recorded to your hard disc since your last session.*G20*


When activating this option, Nero will automatically display a dialog box with the refresh options before refreshing the compilation. *G21*


If you click on this option, your CD will be written with disc -at-once. If this option is not activated the CD will be recorded with with track-at-once.

For formats like Audio-CD, disc-at-once is more logical, since unnecessary pauses or "clicks" can be avoided. Track-at-once is generally used for multisession and ISO CDs.  *G22*


Here you can define the writing method. You have the choice between disc-at-once or track-at-once, depending on recorder capabilities. Please see recorder specific notes.

With disc-at-once the entire CD is written in one procedure, which allows more freedom for the recording software, but at the same time prevents subsequent modifications. For formats like Audio-CD, disc-at-once is more logical, since unnecessary pauses can be avoided. Disc-at-once is also recommended for master CDs which will be manufactured.

With track-at-once every track is written separately allowing the CD to be recorded in several sessions at a later time, until the CD is full. Therefore, pauses are unavoidably created between the tracks. You may be able to modifie the pause lengh, though. It depends on recorder capabilities. Track-at-once is generally used for multisession and ISO CDs.


Please select the track that contains the files and folders you whish to back up. It will normally be the last ISO track.

Confirm your selection by clicking on OK. The Multisession compilation window will open and will show the contents of the track you have just selected.

Important: Nero allows you to continue a multisession CD only, if all previous sessions have been recorded with Nero. If not, you will encounter an error message by confirming your track selection. *G23*


Here you can set options concerning the treatment of errors that might occure during the read process. *G24*


If Nero finds some read errors, how many times do you want Nero to read the CD, before giving up and treating the sectors as defect? Please enter a number between 1 and 5. *G25*


Nero will ignore unreadable data, and continue the read process. All the tracks will then be faithfully reproduced.


Nero will detect reading errors that might be caused by your recorder. Such errors might occur, for example, when audio data are not read by the recorder from the expected position. The results would then be a CD that does not perform well. *G26*


When Nero detects an error, the audio track will be rewound and read again. The reading process will slow down. This is the most reliable method to correct errors. *G27*


If you select this option, Nero will slow down the reading process only from the error's position. *G28*


Additional information like index positions will be provided during the read process. Audio indexes are required to determine the exact end of an audio track.

If this option is not checked, your Mixed-Mode  or Audio CD will be copied without any audio index positions. The audio tracks might be then stored on the CD with pauses in between. Therefore, we recommend not to select this option, if you want to copy a live CD.

If this option is checked, the index pauses will be also copied. The read process might be slower, depending on the recorder. *G29*


All the options will be displayed with their default settings. If you have activated some options and are not sure you were right, please click on the Set default button. *G30*


Here you can set advanced options for the correction of errors that might occure during the read process of an Audio- CD or an Audio track. *G31*


Here you can set options concerning the treatment of errors that might occure during the read process.

Before confirming your selection by clicking on Copy CD, make sure that all options needed in the property sheet Burn are also activated.

If you click on Copy CD, the dialog box Write CD will open and the burn process will begin.

This property sheet contains two main parts

- in the first part you will find options for data tracks.

- in the second part you will find options for audio tracks. *G32*


If Nero finds some read errors, how many times do you want Nero to read the CD again , before giving up and treating the sectors as defect? Please enter a number between 1 and 10. *G33*


Here Nero will check for errors and notify you. The CD copying process will be aborted as soon as unreadable data has been found. Please check the contents of your CD and select the appropriate option again . *G34*


Nero will ignore unreadable data, and continue the read process. All the tracks will then be faithfully reproduced. *G35*


All sectors including EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information of your original CD will be read, allowing Nero to detect and correct corrupted data. The button can be disabled, disabled and checked, or enabled, depending on recorder capabilities. *G36*


When selecting the "try to correct data" option, Nero will use the EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information to correct sector errors. If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend not to select this option.

When activating the "write uncorrected" option, corrupted data will be read and faithfully reproduced with all errors and corruption.

If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend to select this option. *G37*


All sectors including EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information of your original CD will be read, allowing Nero to detect and correct corrupted data. The button can be disabled, disabled and checked, or enabled, depending on recorder capabilities.


When selecting the try to correct data option, Nero will use the EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information to correct sector errors. If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend not to select this option.

When activating the write uncorrected option, corrupted data will be read and faithfully reproduced with all errors and corruption.

If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend to select this option. *G38*


All sectors including EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information of your original CD will be read, allowing Nero to detect and correct corrupted data. The button can be disabled, disabled and checked, or enabled, depending on recorder capabilities.


When selecting the try to correct data option, Nero will use the EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information to correct sector errors. If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend not to select this option.

When activating the write uncorrected option, corrupted data will be read and faithfully reproduced with all errors and corruption.

If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend to select this option. *G39*


When selecting the try to correct data option, Nero will use the EDC ( Error Detection Code) and ECC (Error Correction Code) information to correct sector errors. If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend not to select this option.

When activating the write uncorrected option, corrupted data will be read and faithfully reproduced with all errors and corruption.

If your CD is copyrighted, we recommend to select this option. *G40*


Additional information, such as audio index positions and the position of the end of an audio track, will be provided during the read process. These information are required to determine the exact end of an audio track

If this option is not checked, your Mixed-Mode  or Audio CD will be copied without any audio index positions. The audio tracks might be then stored on the CD with pauses in between. Therefore, we recommend not to select this option, if you want to copy a continuous playing CD.

If this option is checked, the index pauses will be also copied. The read process might be slower, depending on the recorder. *G41*


Nero will ignore unreadable audio tracks, and continue the read process. All the tracks will then be faithfully reproduced. *G42*


Nero will detect reading errors that might be caused by your recorder. Such errors might occur, for example, when audio data are not read by the recorder from the expected position. The results would then be a CD that does not perform well. *G43*


If you select the keep on reading option, Nero will slow down the reading process only from the error's position. This is the faster method but the less reliable method to correct errors.

If you select the rewind and read again option, Nero will rewind and read the audio track again. The second reading process will automatically be slower. This is the most reliable method to correct errors. *G45*


By exucuting CD Copy, Nero will read the original CD and save the contents to an image file . In a next step, the image file will be written to the CD.

Here you can choose which drive the image file should be written to. *G46*


Here you can choose which drive the image file should be written to.

Don't forget, that you need as much space for the image file as the total size of the tracks of the original CD. Depending on the CD, you might need up to 700 MB! *G47*


Click on this option, if you wish to create the same CD at a later time. The original CD will not be necessary anymore. You can use the same image file. *G49*


You will find information about the audio track you have selected.

This property sheet contains two main parts

- in the first part, the name of the audio file you have selected will be displayed

- in the second part you may change the track properties. *G50*


The name of the audio track you have selected is displayed. By default, it is the name under which you have saved it. *G51*


The name of the audio track you have selected is displayed. By default, it is the name under which you have saved it. *G52*


The name of the audio track you have selected is displayed. By default, it is the name under which you have saved it. *G52*


Here you can change the properties of the audio track you have selected. *G53*


Here you can rename the audio track you have selected. Confirm your selection by clicking on Apply or OK. *G54*


Here you can rename the audio track you have selected. Confirm your selection by clicking on Apply or OK. *G55*


Here you can set the pause length between two tracks to zero (0) or up to 873,5 seconds (or 65535 frames). This option is very interesting, especially if your recorder doesn't support disc-at-once: unnecessary pauses can be avoided.

If you don't change the pause length, the audio tracks will automatically be stored on the CD with two seconds in-between. *G56*


Here you can set the pause length between two tracks in seconds or frames (75 frames=1 second). This option is very interesting, especially if your recorder doesn't support disc-at-once: unnecessary pauses can be avoided.

If you don't change the pause length, the audio tracks will automatically be stored on the CD with two seconds in-between. *G57*


Here you can set the pause length between two tracks in seconds or frame (75 frames=1 second). *G58*


The ISRC (International Standard Recording Code) is a code to identify a CD track . ISRCs normally start with three characters follwed by 9 digits. For example, „ABC123456789“ would be a legal ISRC. This information will be written to a CD if ISRC codes are supported by your recorder.


The ISRC (International Standard Recording Code) is a code to identify a CD track . ISRCs normally start with three characters follwed by 9 digits. For example, „ABC123456789“ would be a legal ISRC. This information will be written to a CD if ISRC codes are supported by your recorder.


Each audio track has a copy protection bit which is turned on by default. Nero will show a ¤ character to remind you when you«re copying an audio track with its protection copy bit turned on.


Each audio track has a copy protection bit which is turned on by default. Nero will show a ¤ character to remind you when you«re copying an audio track with its protection copy bit turned on.


Here you can input the type of the files you want to allow in your compilation. *G59*


Here you can input the type of files you want to allow in your compilation.

e.g.: *.txt 	all existing files of TXT type will appear in your	compilation.

You also have the possiblity to enter multiple filters at once by separating them with semicolons;

e.g: *.txt;*.xls;*.doc : 	all files of TXT, XLS and DOC type will appear in	your compilation

*G60*


Here you can input the type of all files you don't want to allow in your compilation. *G61*


Here you can input the type of files you don't want to allow in your compilation.

e.g.: *.txt 	all existing files of TXT type will not appear in your	compilation.

You also have the possiblity to enter multiple filters at once by separating them with semicolons;

e.g: *.txt;*.xls;*.doc : 	all files of TXT, XLS and DOC type will not appear in your compilation

*G60*


To correct read errors Nero uses a two step method: While reading audio tracks Nero will check, if the audio data is continous. If a discontinuity is detected, Nero will read the corresponding blocks again. Then Nero tries to find matching audio blocks from previous and current audio data. If matching audio blocks can be found, these blocks are written to the CD.

The details of the algorithm to detect discontinouities are as follows: Nero calculates a (linear) prediction for the audio data to come. Afterwards Nero compares the audio data with it«s previous prediction. The difference between expected and detected audio data is then compared with a threshold, which can be entered in the dialog field Tolerance for continuity. Audio samples may have values from -32768 up to 32767 (for 16 bit samples). Therefore the maximum threshold is 65336. The precision of the linear prediction is determined by the number of input samples Number of samples and the number of prediction coefficients Number of coefficients. The number of input samples must be greater than the number of coefficients.


If the first step of the jitter correction detects a discontinuity, then the second step is to try to correct the error. Nero will reread audio data before trying to find matching sectors by calculating the correlation between the audio samples. A high correlation means, that both sectors have „something in common“. A correlation of 1.0 indicates a perfect match. Nero again uses a threshold to determine if two sectors should be treated as identical. You can enter the treshold as percent in the dialog field Correlation tolerance. Again 100% indicates a perfect match.


The precision of the linear prediction is determined by the number of input samples (Number of samples) and the number of prediction coefficients (Number of coefficients). The number of input samples must be greater than the number of coefficients.


The precision of the linear prediction is determined by the number of input samples (Number of samples) and the number of prediction coefficients (Number of coefficients). The number of input samples must be greater than the number of coefficients.


Because these options can change the way Nero corrects audio data, modifications should only be done by an experienced user.

If you have made some changes and you are not sure, please press on the Set default button and you will get the default settings suggested by Nero.


This property page allows the definition of additional audio index positions. These audio index positions are recognized only by some (high quality) audio CD players and allow jumping to a defined position within an audio track. Note: The Windows 95 and NT audio CD player applications won´t be able to access audio index positions!

Note: The Windows 95 and NT Audio CD Player applications are unable to access audio index positions.


The oscilloscope style display can be used to watch audio data in a graphical style. Both stereo channels are shown as well as the current position within the audio track displayed as MSF (minutes, seconds and frames; one frame equals
1/75 of a second). Index positions are shown as red vertical bars. They can be created using the button New index. The right mouse button can be used to switch horizontal zooming.


This list shows the currently defined audio index positions. If you select an index position then the oscilloscope style display will show the corresponding audio samples. The selected audio index will be deleted if Delete index is clicked and it will be changed if Edit index is clicked. If you choose the Play button, then playing will start at this position.


The button New index can be used to create new audio index positions.

Notes:

Audio index positions are only supported by some recorders when in writing ‘track at once’ mode. If an audio compilation is burned as ‘disc at once’ then the audio index positions will definitively be written on CD.

Only some (high quality) audio CD players will be able to access additional audio index positions. The Windows 95 and NT audio CD player applications can not access audio index positions!


This button starts playing the audio track from the currently selected audio index position. It will stop playing at the next index position or at the end of the audio track. Of course playing is possible only if you have a sound card.


This button allows editing of audio index positions as numerical values (MSF: minutes, seconds and frames; one frame equals 1/75 of a second).


This button will stop any audio playback.


The button Delete index permanently deletes the currently selected audio index position.


There are two methods to copy a CD with Nero:

1.	Nero reads the original CD from the recorder and then creates and saves an image file, with the contents of your CD, to e.g. your hard disk. In a third step, Nero writes the image file onto a blank CD.

This gives you a very high reliability for copies, because you will be able to select options such as jitter correction (if a read error has been detected, Nero will automatically slow down the read process, and read again the audio track). These options could not be used, if you copy a CD on-the-fly from a CD-ROM drive!

2.	Nero versions is capable of burning „on the fly“ copies using a CD-ROM drive as input device. You don´t need several hundred megabytes of free volume space on your harddisk any longer and will be able to copy CDs much faster. That´s the good news.

*G67*


Select the option On-the-fly if you want to make a direct copy from CD-ROM drive to recorder. If this option is not selected Nero will read the original CD from the recorder, create an image file on the hard disk and then in a third step write the image file onto a blank CD.

Choose „image copy“ if you

1.	want the best possible reproduction (especially concerning audio tracks)

2.	have enough time for an image copy which takes somewhat longer than an „on the fly“ copy

3.	have enough free space on a harddisk to store the CD image (you will possibly need several hundred megabytes!)

4.	want to write multiple copies of a CD

5.	expect read errors on the source CD (for example if you can see scratches or dust on the disc)

6.	want to copy mixed mode (a data track and one or more audio tracks) CDs. This is because some CD-ROM drives have a unholy tendency to „hang up“ (that means they don´t respond any longer to SCSI/DIE commands most likely crashing your computer) while reading blocks between the data and the audio track of a mixed mode CD. If this happens while an „on the fly“ copy takes place your destination CD will be crushed by a buffer underrun.

Choose „on the fly“ copy if you

1.	don´t have much time

2.	don´t have enough free space on your harddisk (hint: 1 minute of audio takes about 10 MB and a CD image file may be several hundred MB long!)

3.	want to copy a CD-ROM (no audio tracks) and trust the error correction capabilities of your CD-ROM drive

4.	want to copy mixed mode (a data track and one or more audio tracks) CDs and are pretty sure (by experience?) that your CD-ROM drive will read audio tracks perfectly and won´t „hang up“ (see above) between the data and audio track of a mixed mode CD

5.	don´t care if audio index positions get lost

6.	have lots of empty CD recordables

*G68*


Select here the drive (CD-ROM drive or recorder) from which the original CD should be read.

*G69*


The read speed of your CD-ROM drive is displayed here. *G70*


The read speed of your CD-ROM drive is displayed here.*G71*


On the property sheet Boot  you can define the settings to create a bootable CD.

*G72*


The upper part of this property sheet is used to select the kind of model you have as input for the bootable CD. You can choose whether you want to use a logical drive or an image file as model for your bootable CD. If the desired input device does not appear in the list of possible model drives then the reason is probably the size limitation for bootable CDs. The logical drive´s size may not exceed the capacity of a CD; that means 640MB.

Note: Please consider that you need to have administrator rights to be able to create bootable CDs using Windows NT 4.0.

*G73*


Select this option if you want to use a logical drive as model for your bootable CD. If the desired input device does not appear in the list of possible model drives then the reason is probably the size limitation for bootable CDs. The logical drive´s size may not exceed the capacity of a CD; that means 640MB.

If  the option Bootable logical drive is selected,  the settings, in the lower part of the boot property sheet, are dimmed indicating that Nero will check and set all the expert options automatically for you.

*G74*


If the desired input device does not appear in the list of possible model drives then the reason is probably the size limitation for bootable CDs. The logical drive´s size may not exceed the capacity of a CD; that means 640MB.

*G75*


 If you want to use an image file of a drive as model for your bootable CD, select this option. Such image files contain all sectors of a drive stored in a file. Such files may for example be created using „Norton Disk Editor“ or „WinImage“.

*G76*


Enter a name for the image file. *G77*


If you choose to use an image file as model for the creation of a bootable CD, then Nero can´t  automatically choose those settings for you. In this case, you have to define these settings (expert settings!) manually. Of course you´re responsible for the resulting CD. If the settings are incorrect you will get an incorrect bootable CD...

 *G78*


The lower part of the boot property page contains detailled settings for bootable CDs. These settings normally are dimmed indicating that Nero will check and set all the expert options automatically for you. If you choose to use an image file as model for the creation of a bootable CD, then Nero can´t  automatically choose those settings for you. In this case in or if you choose to define these settings manually you can do so. Of course you´re responsible for the resulting CD. If the settings are incorrect you will get an incorrect bootable CD...

*G79*


There are three kinds of bootable CDs:

1.	Floppy emulation

2.	Hard disk emulation

3.	No emulation

*G80*


To create a bootable CD you need a bootable drive which can be used as model for the bootable CD. Generally there are three kinds of bootable CDs:

Floppy emulation: To create the bootable CD you need a bootable floppy disk as model. Such a CD „behaves“ after booting just as if a floppy disk would have been inserted into the floppy drive. This also true for the drive letter which is of course „A:“. The floppy disk drive (normally „A:“) may then be accessed through the drive letter „B:“. The amount of the boot data is of course limited by the maximum capacity of the floppy disk (for example 1.44 MB).

Harddisk emulation: The model for such a CD is a bootable harddisk drive. The bootable CD „behaves“ as if it were drive „C:“ after booting. Your „old“ drive „C:“ may be accessed through the drive letter „D:“, drive „E:“ becomes „F:“ and so on. Because a CD can only store up to 640MB the size of your model drive must not exceed 640MB. For example if you have a 2GB harddisk with a single partition, then it´s impossible to use this drive as model for a bootable CD. All you can do in such a case is to change the size of your harddisk partition. Normally all data is lost if the partition sizes is changed using „FDISK“. But there are serveral tools available on the market which allow partitioning changes without losing data.

No emulation: This feature is designed only for professionals, who want to create their own harddisk and CD-ROM drivers. This method for example is used for the „Windows NT 4.0 Server CD“.

*G81*


You may enter the memory segment adress here, where the first sector of the boot data should be read into during the system boot process. The segment adress must be entered as a 4 digit hex number. The default value is 07C0. Warning: Please modify this setting only if you´re an expert concerning PC-BIOS and "El Torito" specification. *G82*


You may enter the memory segment adress here, where the first sector of the boot data should be read into during the system boot process. The segment adress must be entered as a 4 digit hex number.  The default value is 07C0. Warning: Please modify this setting only if you´re an expert concerning PC-BIOS and "El Torito" specification. *G83*


You may enter the number of sectors to be loaded during the system boot process here as a decimal number. The default value is 1. Please modify this setting only if you´re an expert concerning PC-BIOS and "El Torito" specification.

 *G84*


You may enter the number of sectors to be loaded during the system boot process here as a decimal number. The default value is 1. Please modify this setting only if you´re an expert concerning PC-BIOS and "El Torito" specification.

 *G85*


Hybrid CDs contain the well known ISO 9660 and additionally the Apple Macintosh HFS file system. Such CDs will be both readable by Macs and PCs. Nero creates so called „non shared“ Hybrid CDs. That means, files to be read by Macs and PCs must exist twice (one ISO and one HFS copy of the file) on the CD.

On this property sheet you can select the HFS partition you wish to write onto a CD. *G86*


This list box shows all detected HFS partitions. Select the HFS partition you wish to burn.

Note: if the list box is empty then no HFS partitions could be detected.To create Hybrid-CDs using Nero you need to connect your PC with a SCSI harddisk containing the HFS partition to be written on the Hybrid CD. Such HFS partitions can only be created and edited using an Apple Macintosh computer.

*G87*


The Apple Macintosh file system is called „HFS“. CDs containing only HFS data can only be read by an Apple Macintosh computer.

All detected HFS partitions will be displayed in this list box.

Note: If the list is empty, then no HFS partitions could be detected.To create a HFS CD you need to connect a SCSI harddisk containing one ore more HFS partitions to your PC. Such HFS harddisk partitions can only be created and edited using an Apple Macintosh computer. You also need a Mac to edit file icons and window positions. All that Nero does is to write the HFS data „as is“ on a CD. Please remember that the SCSI harddisk must be connected with your PC before starting the PC. Otherwise Nero will not be able to detect any HFS partitions. Please check the SCSI IDs to be sure your SCSI HFS harddisk has a unique SCSI ID.

*G88*


For users of not directly supported CD-ROM drives Nero offers the "Autodetect CD ROM". Once a CD-ROM drive has been successfully detected by Nero it may be used as input device for „on the fly“ copies or to save CD tracks. Nero´s autodetection should be able to detect most CD-ROM drives that are not directly supported.

*G89*


All unsupported CD-ROM drives will be displayed in this box. Select the drive you want Nero to detect. *G90*


Here you have to define the bus type (IDE/SCSI or unknown). If possible Nero presents these options with reasonable default values. If SCSI or IDE is preselected as bus type it´s most likely not a good idea to change this settings because Nero detected the bus type by checking the driver. The result therefore is most certainly correct.

*G91*


Please define here the bus type (IDE/SCSI or unknown). If possible Nero presents these options with reasonable default values. If SCSI or IDE is preselected as bus type it´s most likely not a good idea to change this settings because Nero detected the bus type by checking the driver. The result therefore is most certainly correct.

*G92*


Here you have to define the command set of your CD-ROM drive. If you have an IDE CD-ROM then the command list in the dialog contains only a single entry. This is because IDE CD-ROM drives have a standard command set and the differences between CD-ROM models are relatively small. If you´re an owner of a SCSI-CD-ROM you shouldn´t need to change the preselected command set because again Nero has probably preselected a „reasonable“ entry. *G93*


Please define here the command set of your CD-ROM drive. If you have an IDE CD-ROM then the command list in the dialog contains only a single entry. This is because IDE CD-ROM drives have a standard command set and the differences between CD-ROM models are relatively small. If you´re an owner of a SCSI-CD-ROM you shouldn´t need to change the preselected command set because again Nero has probably preselected a „reasonable“ entry.*G94*


Choose the menu command „File“ -> „Burn HFS partition“ to select the HFS partition to be burned.


For users of not directly supported CD-ROM drives, Nero offers the menu command „CD-Rekorder“ -> „Autodetect CD-ROM“. Once a CD-ROM drive was successfully detected by Nero it may be used as input device for „on the fly“ copies or to save CD tracks. Nero´s autodetection should be able to detect most CD-ROM drives that are not directly supported.


Nero 4.0 allows you now to register online. To register online you need access to Internet.

•	Online-registration

More interesting links:

•	ahead home page

•	Online-Purchase

•	Updates

•	Firmware for CD Recorders


Here you can switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA. If these settings appear dimmed/disabled, then these settings can´t be modified right now. This might for example be the case if you created the ISO compilation using the option continue multisession. If you would continue a multisession CD using a different ISO- or sector format, then you would be in danger of creating an unreadable CD.


Should I write ISO data using Mode 1 or Mode2/XA?

1.	Modern CD-ROM drives will read Mode 1 and Mode2/XA tracks as well. But there are some older CD-ROM drives which will only read Mode2/XA multisession CDs. If you have such a drive, then you should use Mode2/XA for multisession CDs. On the other hand we´ve been told that there are even older CD-ROM drives which can´t read Mode2/XA track at all. So if you have such a really „ancient“ CD-ROM drive, then you´ve got to write some test-CDs to find out what is best for your CD-ROM drive.

2.	If you want to continue a multisession CD written in Mode2/XA format then you´ve got to write all following sessions using Mode2/XA format. If you would mix Mode 1 and Mode 2 tracks on the same CD then you would see, that such CDs are unreadable for most CD-ROM drives, because such a CD format isn´t specified by the „Rainbow Books“. To make sure you don´t run into this trouble Nero will not allow you to switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA if you want to continue a multisession CD.


1.	Modern CD-ROM drives will read Mode 1 and Mode2/XA tracks as well. But there are some older CD-ROM drives which will only read Mode2/XA multisession CDs. If you have such a drive, then you should use Mode2/XA for multisession CDs. On the other hand we´ve been told that there are even older CD-ROM drives which can´t read Mode2/XA track at all. So if you have such a really „ancient“ CD-ROM drive, then you´ve got to write some test-CDs to find out what is best for your CD-ROM drive.

2.	If you want to continue a multisession CD written in Mode2/XA format then you´ve got to write all following sessions using Mode2/XA format. If you would mix Mode 1 and Mode 2 tracks on the same CD then you would see, that such CDs are unreadable for most CD-ROM drives, because such a CD format isn´t specified by the „Rainbow Books“. To make sure you don´t run into this trouble Nero will not allow you to switch between Mode 1 and Mode2/XA if you want to continue a multisession CD.


Here you can enter a string, which will be displayed by the bootable CD during the boot process of your PC. The text may contain up to 80 characters. Notes: This text will only be displayed if the bootable CD is created using the „harddisk emulation“ mode.  It´s also possible that some special characters will not be displayed correctly because Windows is using a different character set than the BIOS, which is active during the boot process.


Here you can enter a string, which will be displayed by the bootable CD during the boot process of your PC. The text may contain up to 80 characters. Notes: This text will only be displayed if the bootable CD is created using the „harddisk emulation“ mode.  It´s also possible that some special characters will not be displayed correctly because Windows is using a different character set than the BIOS, which is active during the boot process.


In this listbox you can select the track(s) you want to save. Mode 1 and audio tracks are currently supported.


Path where you want to save the selected track(s).


Enter here the filename under which the selected track(s) should be saved. Two digits and the extension (.wav or .nrg) will then be automatically added by Nero

For example, if you enter "Track" as filename,  "Track" will be automatically extended by Nero to "Track01.wav", if the first audio track is selected.


Path where you want to save the selected track(s).


Enter here the filename under which the selected track(s) should be saved. Two digits and the extension (.wav or .nrg) will then be automatically added by Nero

For example, if you enter "Track" as filename,  "Track" will be automatically extended by Nero to "Track01.wav" if the first audio track is selected.


Select this option if you don't want Nero to display error messages. In this case the save process will continue even if some tracks haven't been saved correctly.


Click on this button if you want to select all tracks of your CD. All tracks will then be saved.


If you have changed the inserted CD, it might be necessary to do a refresh to display the actual data of this CD.


Press this button to eject the CD.


Here you can set options concerning the treatment of errors that might occure during the read process.


If this option is activated, Nero will then show you an alert box if you´re about to create an unspecified CD format. You can either abort the burn process or ignore Nero´s warning. There is no guarantee, that unspecified CD-ROM formats can be written on any CD-ROM drive.

Defined standard CD formats: CD-ROM, Audio-CD, Mixed Mode, Multisession CDs, etc...

Unspecified CD formats:  for example it´s not a good idea to mix mode 1 and mode2/XA tracks on the same CD. Another illegal CD format may be created by writing some audio tracks followed by an ISO mode 1 track and then to write some other audio tracks behind the others. Such CDs can not or can only partially be read by most CD-ROM drives. Many CD recorders can´t write additional tracks on such CDs. Mostly likely they panic and throw lots of SCSI/IDE errors instead (especially „illegal request“ errors).


When storing audio TRACKS as WAV files it can occur that at the end of the WAV files there are some seconds silence behind the end of the music title. If this option is activated, then this actually unnecessary audio data is removed from the produced WAV files. This option is activated by default.


This option turns  the level display in Nero's status bar on and off. With the help of Nero`s level indicator the size of the current compilation on the display is visible display at any time. Depending upon the type of the compilation it`s size is displayed in MB or minutes. This option is activated by default.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the yellow marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:00.00, which is the "minimum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the yellow marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:00.00, which is the "minimum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the yellow marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:00.00, which is the "minimum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the yellow marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:00.00, which is the "minimum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the red marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:40.73, which is the "maximum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the red marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:40.73, which is the "maximum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the red marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:40.73, which is the "maximum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


In these input fields you can determine the position of the red marking line within Nero`s level indicator in the measurement unit MSF (minutes, seconds, frames). One second corresponds to 75 Frames and one minute contains naturally 60 seconds. The default amounts to 74:40.73, which is the "maximum" CDR size of nowadays.

Note: The modification of this value influences only the optics of the level indicator.


This option may be used to avoid the „Illegal trackinfo“ error message, that might occur while copying special CDs with the following contents:

•	one session

•	track sequence: data, several audio tracks, data

This CD format is used by some PC games, that cannot be backed up without selecting this option.


CD Text is an additional information on audio tracks. Title of audio tracks and name of the artists can now be written onto a CD and afterwards be read by CD ROM drives and audio players. By playing an audio track, its title and the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


This option allows you to give a title to your audio CD. CD Text will be written onto the CD, if you check this option and if your CD recorder supports this feature. You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.  By playing an audio CD, its title will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


This option allows you to give a title to your audio CD. CD Text will be written onto the CD, if you check this option and if your CD recorder supports this feature. You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.  By playing an audio CD, its title will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


The artist or performer of this audio CD. This information will be written on the CD, if the CD Text option is activated and if your recorder supports the CD Text feature.You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.

By playing the Audio CD, the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


The artist or performer of this audio CD. This information will be written on the CD, if the CD Text option is activated and if your recorder supports the CD Text feature.You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.

By playing the Audio CD, the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


You can enter here the artist or performer of this audio track. This information will be then written on the CD, if the option is activated and if your recorder supports the CD Text feature. You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.

By playing an audio track, the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


You can enter here the artist or performer of this audio track. This information will be then written on the CD, if the option is activated and if your recorder supports the CD Text feature. You will also need to burn in „disc at once mode“.

By playing an audio track, the name of the artist will be displayed by your audio player. If your audio player does not support this feature, audio CDs containing CD Text information will be read as if they were "normal" audio CDs without any additional information. This is possible because CD Text information is written before the audio data in the lead-in area.


You can specify some audio effects to be applied to this audio track here. For example you may select fade in/out effects, declick, dehiss or a stereo expanding filter here.


This option allows Nero to read all information concerning media catalog number and the ISRC (International Standard Recording Code) of the original CD. This information can be then copied to your CD.